Geological Society of London, 141 



dont section. We have, therefore, to compare B. Etruscus with Miocene 

 rather than with Pliocene and Pleistocene species. It differs from the 

 Khinoceros of Auvergne principally in the greater complexity of its 

 anterior valley and the larger development of the posterior comhing- 

 plate. Its nearest ally is the hornless Rhinoceros of Darmstadt, the 

 Aceroiherium incisivum of Kaup. 



B. Etruscus has been found associated with B. megarJiinus, but not 

 with B. tichorhinus nor B. leptorhinus. 



It has not been found with any animal (except the Mammoth) fitted 

 for living in a severe climate, nor in any deposit of post-glacial age. 



11. January 22nd, 1868.— 1. ''On the Speeton Clay." By John 

 W. Judd, Esq., F.G.S. 



In tracing the history of discovery in connexion with this forma- 

 tion, the following epochs were pointed out by the author : — (1) 

 the separation of the Cretaceous from the Kimmeridge beds, by Prof. 

 Phillips, 1829 ; (2) the reference of the former to the Neocomian 

 formation, by MM. Agassiz, Godwin -Austen, Romer, and others, 

 1838, etc. ; and (3) the recognition of Portlandian beds in the series, 

 by Mr. Leckenby, 1864. 



Mr. Judd then proceeded to give a description of the unique cliff- 

 section exposed at Speeton, which is unfortunately greatly complicated 

 by faults and contortions, and much obscured by drift, landslips, and 

 mining workings. 



After adducing evidence, both stratigraphical and palseontological, 

 to prove that no portion of the Speeton clay is of Gault age, the 

 author showed that this great series of clays (probably over 1,000 

 feet thick) belongs to no less than seven formations, viz., Upper, 

 Middle, and Lower Neocomian, Portlandian, and Upper, Middle, and 

 Lower Kimmeridge. These formations, as displayed in Filey Bay, 

 were described in detail; lists of the fossils from each (drawn 

 up with the assistance of Mr. Etheridge) were given, and their 

 equivalents, both in this country and on the continent, pointed out; 

 and the author concluded his paper with appendices on the fossils 

 and the economic products of the Speeton clay. 



2. "Notice of the Hessle Drift as it appeared in Sections more 

 than forty years since." By Professor John Phillips, D.C.L., E.R.S., 

 F.G.S. 



Referring first to the difficulties formerly experienced in attempt- 

 ing to explain the origin of the Boulder-clays and Northern drifts 

 more than forty years ago, without the aid of glaciers and icebergs, 

 the author expressed his belief that the lowest gravels, resting on 

 the Chalk at Hessle, are of pre-glacial date. He stated his opinion 

 that there is no evidence of the beds in question being marine; while 

 the abundance of mammalian remains offers a strong presumption 

 against this interpretation. Beds of this order, composed of chalk 

 and flint fragments, are not only unknown in the midst of the 

 Boulder- clay, but can hardly be imagined to exist there. Further, 

 the Boulder-clay rests on them without conformity. Professor 

 Phillips also observed that if the Hessle clay be the upper part 



