214 



Fhher — Notes on Clacton, 



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2 e 



To this I append a quotation from a 

 paper by the same geologist in the 

 Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. iv., p. 197, 18G0 :— 



"The hollow or basin occupied by 

 this deposit" (I conclude he means the 

 exposed section of it) " measures about 

 600 yards in a north and south direction, 

 and at low water it can be traced for 

 about 80 yards eastward from the face 

 of the cliff, and it doubtless extends 

 much further under the sea, as the 

 freshwater shells and bones of the fossil 

 mammalia are seen lying in their la- 

 custrine beds close up to low-water- 

 mark." 



I never could find the bed (t?) exposed 

 on the shore as Mr. Brown did. But 

 specimens of the TJnio Utoralis, and of 

 the black and white pebbles from the 

 top of it, are by no means uncommon at 

 low water exactly opposite (d) in the 

 cliff. Even in the cliff the bed (d) is 

 seldom now to be seen without digging 

 for it, and then it can only be found ex- 

 tending a very few feet. 



In Mr. Brown's section No. 2 is what 

 I call " trail." 



The woodcut (Fig. 2) is copied from a 

 sketch, made on the spot, of the manner 

 in which the "trail" (a) cuts into (6), 

 where it is five feet thick, above the 

 peat (c) at a spot about 160 yards west 

 of {d), in the diagram. For about 600 

 j^ards to the west beyond the end of the 

 low cliff' the shore at low water is oc- 

 cupied by London clay ; and then com- 

 mences a submarine forest with the 

 stools of trees rooted in the London 

 clay. Tt is covered with the usual Scro- 

 hicularia clay, the Scrobicularice and 

 other shells being of large size, and in 

 that respect very unlike those in the 

 older peaty deposit, which covers the 

 Lower freshwater bed. I saw some 

 small lagoons behind the present beach, 

 where a deposit exceedingly like the old 

 peat is now in course of formation. 

 It seemed to show that the sandy layers in the old peat were 

 caused by sand being blown into pools of brackish water. 



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