//. Woodivard — British Fossil Crustacea. 353 



portion to the writing of the world's history) to subside, we know not 

 how far ; while trees, not scanty seaside-herbage, flourished upon the 

 land lately washed by the waves, until a fresh oscillation took place, 

 and the sea resumed its sway ; fish swam among the forest boughs 

 and the mollusc tribe dwelt among the roots, and thus the sea con- 

 tinues, eating into the land, winter by winter, until the traces of 

 its former presence will soon be obliterated or overwhelmed. 



I conceive this forest to have been contemporary with many of 

 those whose remnants occur in the interior in peat-mosses, and which 

 must have flourished at a period subsequent to that of the low-level 

 drifts, when the land stood at a higher level than now ; the marine 

 bed may probably be correlated with those drifts, and thus both might 

 be included in the recent, or human period. 



IV. —Contributions to British Fossil Crustacea. 



By Henry Woodward, F.G.S., F.Z.S. 



{Continued from Fa(/e 261.) 



[PLATE XVIL] 



IV. nnilE genus Pseudoglyphea was established in 1860^ by the late 

 jL Dr. Albert OjDpel, of Munich, for certain remains of Crus- 

 tacea occurring in the Oolite and Lias formations of Bavaria, &c., 

 previously referred to the genus Glyphea, from which, however, he 

 has separated them on account of the difference in the direction of the 

 furrows which mark the regions of the cephalothorax. Whether these 

 characters will be found to be supported by others, or, to be in them- 

 selves of sufficient importance to justify the retention of the genus, 

 must be determined by more ample materials and a better acquain- 

 tance with the entire animals belonging to both genera than we are 

 at present able to command. 



After a careful examination of the large series of Oolitic specimens 

 from the collection of the late Mr. William Bean, of Scarborough, pre- 

 served in the British Museum, I think it can be shown, that, in addition 

 to the distinctive characters of the carapace, Fseudoglyphea had well- 

 developed claws (chelse) to the first pair of legs : ^ whereas in Glyphea 

 the penultimate joint (from which the opposing fixed ramus of the 

 chela is developed), only bears a small spine ; so that the fore -legs in 

 Glyphea may be said to be monodactylous. The specimen Fig. 1 in 

 Plate XVII., is from the rich collection of Charles Moore, Esq., 

 F.G.S., of Bath, and was obtained from the Lower Lias of Weston, 

 near Bath. The nodule containing the fossil has been adroitly 

 split open in a line with the body of the animal, and exhibits the left 

 side of the cephalothorax, and five of the abdominal rings, and two 

 of the side-swimming-plates of the telson, but the median plate is 

 wanting, as is also the first abdominal segment. 



1 Palaeontologische Mittheilungen aus dem Museum des Koenigl. Bayer. Staates, von 

 Dr. Albert Oppel, Stuttgart, 1862, p. 51. 



2 Xth. pair of appendages : see table of appendages of Crustacea, in Pal. Soc. Vol. 

 xix., 1865, Monograph on the Merostomata, pp. 4 and o. 



