Correspondence — Mr, George M'Kay, 485 



The materials of this hill differ considerably from those of the lower, 

 clean-rolled, and cast-up-beach in its vicinity, though they were, 

 doubtless, accunmlated under water and disturbed by waves, when 

 they formed the shore or beach, while being elevated to their present 

 position. Had 1 the means of reference here, I dare say it would be 

 easy to show, from heights upon the Ordnance six-inch map, that 

 the slope of the boggy valley is gradual from higher levels inland 

 towards the sea, and, probably, charts of the coast would permit 

 nearly the same slope to be carried out beneath Youghal Bay. Upon 

 such a slope peat could be formed when the land stood higher, and 

 if depression occurred the results would be exactly those which now 

 appear ; without the necessity for so strong an assumption as that 

 the valley was cut down by rain and rivers to 30ft. or 40ft. below 

 sea level at low water, during a period at which sea water was 

 obliging enough to forego the law of seeking its own level in order 

 to allow a deep growth of peat to accumulate. 



I regret to add that I have no copy of '' Kain and Rivers" to which 

 I might refer for answers to the above questions ; one of the old 

 edition was lent to me a long time ago, but I have, unfortunately, 

 never been able to obtain the last, although I have made several 

 efforts to do so. 



The Chalk flints may be quite according to rule, but their occur- 

 rence is peculiar in this, that they are not usually found in the de- 

 trital deposits of the south of Ireland, or other parts of the coast. 

 How far they extend from Youghal eastwards is not, so far as I am 

 aware, as yet discovered. A. B. AVynne. 



Bhooj Kutch, Western India, Juhj 25th, 1868. 



FOSSILS FROM BUFFALO RIVER, BRITISH KAFFRARIA. 



Sir, — Permit me to explain the seeming discrepancy which 

 occurs at pages 202 and 204 of the May number of the Geological 

 Magazine. At page 202, under the heading " Explanation of Geo- 

 logical Sections," the 800 feet refers to the height at which marine 

 shells have been observed, (viz.,. St. Luke's Mission Station, Newlands, 

 British Kaffraria). At page 204, under the heading " List of 

 Fossils," the 220 feet refers to the height at which the specimens sent 

 were obtained, (viz., Panmure, British Kaffraria) . Geo. M'Kat. 



East London, Cape of Good Hope, 

 26th June, 1868. 



THE PLEISTOCENE FRESHWATER DEPOSIT AT HACKNEY DOWNS. 

 Sir, — My attention has only just been directed to a statement by 

 Mr. Alfred Tylor, which appeared in the Geological Magazine, 

 August, 1868, p. 392, in reply to which I can only say that Mr. 

 Tylor must have been misinformed, as I never received the series of 

 specimens referred to from Mr. Skertchly, nor have I the pleasure 

 of knowing that gentleman. The species of Land and Presb -water 

 Mollusca enumerated in the Natural History Repertory, were col- 

 lected by myself in company with my friend, Mr. J. W. Bailey, of 

 Fenchurch-street. 



