Northumberland and Durham. 



69 



at Elginham ; near Craster ; near Beadnell ; near Belford ; and at 

 Tweedmouth in the vicinity of Berwick. 



In the north-eastern part of Northumberland, near the sea, the 

 seams are tolerably thick, and very good in quality ; that of Shil- 

 bottle for instance, which supplies Alnwick wirh coal, (see the 

 section below.) The mines are usually of inconsiderable depth in 

 comparison of those in the Newcastle coal-field ; that of Shilbottle 

 is one of the deepest, measuring 45 fathoms. That of Newton 

 (see the section page 71,) measures 16 fathoms, and some of 

 the pits near Berwick only 15 fathoms. The mines of Stublick 

 and Wall, on the borders of the mountainous district, are severally 

 16 and 19 fathoms deep, and each contains three seams of coal. 

 (See the sections p. 70.) 



The coal alternates with slate-clay, limestone, and sandstone, and 

 at many of the places where coal is worked, limestone is also quar- 

 ried. In the maritime district, from the Coquet to the Tweed, the 

 measures dip to the south-east, and unlike the beds of the New- 

 castle coal-field undulate with the surface of the earth. 



The following sections will give some notion of the measures 

 that accompany the coal to the north of the mountainous district. 



Section of the Strata at Shilbottle Colliery, 24 miles South of 

 Alnwick. 





Fath. Yd. Ft. In. 





Fath. Yd. Ft. In. 



Clay 



2 11 — 



Brought uj 



28 1 1 10 



Freestone 



10 



Main slate 



7 



Blue slate 



7 



Blue limestone 



3 



Blue limestone 



4 



Thil 



— 1 



1 Coal 



4 



Freestone 



1 1 



Thil 



1 — 



Metal 



1 



Freestone 



112 11 



Blue limestone 



o 



2 Coal 



1 — 



Thil 



1 — 1 — 



Thil 



1 G 



Iro:isto:;e 



6 



3 Coal 



. 1 — 



Rouj;h stone 



2 



Thil 



. 1 — 



4 Coal 



2 7 



Main freestone 



2—11 







Fathom 



- 



,45 1 1 11 



Carried ur 



28 1 1 10 



