III. Description of an Insulated Group of Rocks of Slate and Greenstone 



in Cumberland and Westmoreland, on the east side of Appleby ', 



between Melmerby and Murton. 



By the Rev. W. BUCKLAND, 



PROFESSOR OF MINERALOGY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD, AND 

 MEMBER OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



Read March 28th, 1815. 



_T EW rocks in this country present in a small compass a structure 

 more complicated and difficult to be understood than those which 

 occupy a small district in Cumberland and Westmoreland, on the 

 east side of Appleby, between the villages of Melmerby and Murton, 

 which I visited in September, 1814, accompanied by my friend 

 G. B. Greenough, Esq. 



The town of Appleby is situated about 12 miles from the upper 

 extremity of the great plain through which the rivers Eden and 

 Petteril have their course, and which continues across Solway Frith 

 into Scotland, increasing considerably in breadth on the north of 

 Carlisle. 



The stratum composing the greater part of this Plain is a red 

 sandstone affording gypsum in many places. Its breadth near 

 Carlisle from east to west is about 15 miles, but it becomes gradually 

 contracted as it approaches the south till it terminates near Brough 

 and Kirkby Stephen, being encircled by hills more elevated and of 

 higher antiquity. 



Vol. iv. o 



