in Cumberland and Westmoreland. 107 



escarpment from Melmerby scar on the north to Murton Pike on 

 the south. This narrow line of slate is bordered on its west side 

 by an irregular but nearly parallel range of greenstone. The 

 breadth of both these rocks together seldom exceeds a mile, and 

 towards their north extremity is contracted to the compass of a few 

 yards ; here they appear also much disturbed and confusedly mixed 

 together ; the spot is marked in the map as Melmerby Lane End, 

 about one mile south-east of the village of that name. They assume 

 greater strength in their progress towards the south, and the position 

 of the greenstone becomes more decided on the west of the narrow 

 line of slate.* The variety of proportions in which its ingredients 

 are found combined is quite endless ; every hill, almost every block, 

 gives a new character of it. 



These rocks of slate and greenstone form two parallel narrow 

 ranges, displaying on the surface an irregular outline, and attracting 

 attention by the sti iking feature of three lofty conical pikes, distin- 

 guished by the names of Knock pike, Dufton pike, and Murton 

 pike.j" Of these the former, which is the most northerly, is chiefly 

 composed of greenstone. Dufton pike, the central one, contains 

 both greenstone and slate ; and Murton pike, which is the most 

 elevated, and at the south extremity, appears to be composed almost 

 entirely of slate. 



We found no greenstone indeed within a mile of Murton pike, it 

 seemed to terminate at Keisley about one mile south-east of Dufton, 

 a spot which I shall again notice as affording a singular mass of 

 limestone. 



Though the exact limits of these two ranges might possibly be 

 ascertained by careful and patient investigation, their line of junction 



* Sec Map and Section, ptate 5. * Sec Map, plau- 5t 



o 2 



