10S The Rlv. W. Buckland on a Group of Rocks 



is not distinctly marked ; the eye cannot trace it in the outline of 

 the hills, nor is it laid open in many places by sections of the water 

 courses. 



Their order of superposition (if there be any) is equally inde- 

 terminate ; sometimes they abut abruptly against each other, some- 

 times the slate is uppermost, at others, indeed most frequently, the 

 greenstone* 



Imperfect roofing slate has been dug at each extremity of this 

 range, on the south at Langdon moor near Murton pike, and on 

 the north at Middle Rig near the head of Melmerby Beck. 



Slate pencils also may be obtained from many parts of the slate 

 rock. Places named to us were * Knock Fell on the east of Knock 

 pike ; Flasker ; Ashlake Pike, half a mile north of Ardale water; Gale 

 in tack, Melmerby Lane End, also a field half a mile south of Murton 

 in the valley towards Brough, and Rickargill Beck 4 miles north of 

 Melmerby under the continuation of the escarpment northwards. 

 I mention this last place because (if the information was correct 

 which we received on this point from two competent witnesses) 

 the existence of these pencils shews the presence of the slate rock 

 four miles north of the spot where it seemed to end near Melmerby. 

 We did not examine this line ourselves, but could hear no tidings 

 of slate or greenstone at any place north of Melmerby, excepting 

 Rickargill, and we know from observation that they do not exist 

 a little further to the north at Croglin, or between Croglin and 

 Castle Carrock. 



At Swinedale Beck, between the south base of Knock pike and 

 Dufton Fell, the slate contains one or two thin beds of blackish 

 transition limestone, which are laid open in the water course at Cater- 



* The places printed in Italics are not mentioned in the map. 



