4 [March 2, 
Hale.) 
that the Mandans, another tribe of the Southern Dakota stock, formerly 
—and at no very distant period—resided in the valley of the Ohio. The 
peculiar traces in the soil which marked the foundations of their dwellings 
and the position of their villages were evident, he affirms, at various points 
along that river. It is by no means improbable that when the buffalo 
abounded on the Ohio, the Dakota tribes found its valley their natural 
home, and that they receded with it to the westward of the Mississippi. 
But the inference that the region west of the Mississippi was the original 
home of the Dakotas, and that those of that stock who dwe.t on the Ohio 
or east of the Alleghenies were emigrants from the Western prairies, does 
not, by any means, follow. By the same course of reasoning we might 
conclude that the Aryans had their original seat in Western Kurope, that 
the Portuguese were emigrants from Brazil, and that the English derived 
their origin from America, The migrations of races are not to be traced 
by such recent and casual vestiges. The only evidence which has real 
weight in any inquiry respecting migrations in prehistoric times is that 
of language ; and where this fails, as it sometimes does, the question must 
be pronounced unsoluble. 
The protection which the Tuteloes had received from the Tuscaroras 
and their allies soon failed them. In the year 1711a war broke out between 
the Tuscaroras and the Carolina settlers, which ended during the following 
year in the complete defeat of the Indians. After their overthrow the 
great body of the Tuscaroras retreated northward and joined the Iroquois, 
who received them into their league as the sixth nation of the confederacy. 
A portion, however, remained near their original home. They merely re- 
tired a short distance northward into the Virginian territory, and took up 
their abode in the tract which lies between the Roanoke and the Potomac 
rivers. Here they were allowed to remain at peace, under the protection of 
the Virginian government. And here they were presently joined by the 
Tuteloes and Saponas, with their confederates. In September, 1722, the 
governors of New York, Pennsylvania, and Virginia, held a conference at 
Albany with the chiefs of the Iroquois, to endeavor to bring about a peace 
between them and the southern tribes. On this occasion Governor Spottes- 
wood, of Virginia, enumerated the tribes for which the government of 
his Province would undertake to engage. Among them were certain 
tribes which were commonly known under the name of the “ Christanna 
Indians,’’ a name derived from that of a fort which had been established 
in their neighborhood. These were ‘the Saponies, Ochineeches, Sten- 
kenoaks, Meipontskys, and Toteroes,’’ all of whom, it appears, the Iro- 
quois were accustomed to comprehend under the name of Todirichrones.* 
Some confusion and uncertainty, however, arise in consulting the col- 
onial records of this time, from the fact that this name of Todirichrones was 
applied by the Iroquois to two distinct tribes, or rather confederacies, of 
Southern Indians, belonging to different stocks, and speaking languages 
*N, Y. Hist, Col, Vol. v, p. 655 et seq, 
Denti 
