1883.1 ‘ PAD) [Hale. 
Negative Form. 
t is not mine 
t is not thine 
t is not his 
is not ours 
kimigitonan (kimthitonan) 
kinyigitonan 
higitonan 
kinaggitonan 
hinyigitombonan 
be Le ee Ee te He 
t 
t is not yours 
t 
higttognénan is not theirs 
The proper form of the first personal affirmative is doubtless migitows 
Cor mikitowe). In mimigitowt the first syllable is evidently from the sepa- 
rate pronoun mam, I, used for emphasis. In the Dakota the forms mye 
mitawa, me, mine, niye nitawa, thee, thine, &c., are used for the same pur- 
pose. . 
The negative form is not found in either the Dakota or the Hidatsa, and 
may be regarded as another instance of the greater wealth of inflections 
possessed by the Tutelo. 
The following are the interrogative demonstrative and indefinite pro- 
nouns in the Tutelo, so far as they were ascertained. The Dakota and 
Hidatsa are added for comparison : 
Tutelo, Dakota, Hidatsa, 
élowd, or hetow tuwe tape who? 
aken, kaka taku tapa what ? 
étuk tukte to ; tua which? 
Hkentn tonw ; tonaka tuame how many? 
termoahitineda tuwetawa tapeitamm«e whose (is it) ? 
néke, or néikin ; heikt de Midi; kint this 
yukan ; héwa ; end he; ka hido ; hino that 
ohon, or ohd ota ahu many 
hok, huk, okahok owasin ; tyugpa etsa; qakaheta all 
The general resemblance of most of these forms isapparent. In the Tu- 
telo for “whose ?’’ which might have been written tewagi'diwa, we see 
the affix of the possessive pronoun (g@towe) inflectedto make an interroga- 
tive form. The Dakota and Hidatsa use the affix (¢awa and tamae) with- 
out the inflection. 
The Verb. 
There are two very striking peculiarities in which the Dakota and Hidatsa 
dialects differ from most, if not all, Indian languages of other stocks. 
These are: firstly, the manner in which the personal pronoun is incorpo- 
rated with the verb; and, secondly, the extreme paucity or almost total 
absence of inflections of mood and tense. In the first of these peculiarities 
the Tutelo resembles its western congeners ; in the second it differs from 
them in a marked degree—more widely even than the Latin verb differs 
from the English. These two characteristics require to be separately noted. 
In most Indian janguages the personal pronouns, both of the subject 
and of the object, are in some measure either united with the verb or in- 
PROG. AMER. PHILOS. soc. xxt.'114. p. PRINTED MARCH 31, 18838, 
