Hale.] 26 {March 2, 
dieated by an inflection. The peculiarity which distinguishes the languages 
of the Dakotan stock is found in the variable position of these incorporated 
pronouns. They may be placed at the beginning, at the end, or between 
any two syllables of the verb. The position of the pronoun is not, how- 
ever, arbitrary and dependent on the pleasure of the speaker. It appears 
to be fixed for each verb, according to certain rules. ‘These rules, how- 
ever, seem not yet to have been fully determined, and thus it happens that 
a Dakota dictionary must give the place of the pronoun in every verb, 
precisely as a Latin dictionary must give the perfect tense of every verb 
of the third conjugation. Thus, for example, in the Dakota proper, kagkd, 
to bind (or rather ‘‘he binds’’), makes wakdeka, I bind, yakahkea, thou 
bindest; manom, he steals, makes maw4non, Isteal, may finon, thou stealest; 
and etgii, he thinks, makes efga/mi, I think, e¢gdini, thou thinkest, the suf- 
fixed pronouns receiving apeculiar form. In the Hidatsa, hidéq?, he loves, 
makes makidéet, I love, dakidéci, thou lovest ; eke, he knows, becomes 
emake, I know, and edake, thou knowest ; and hitsahike, he makes good, 
becomes kitsahikema, I make good, and hitsahikeda, thou makest good. The 
Tutelo has the pronouns sometimes prefixed, and sometimes inserted ; no 
instances have been found in which they are suflixed, but it is by no 
means improbable that such cases may occur, as verbs of this class are not 
common in either of the former languages, and our examples of conjugated 
verbs in Tutelo are not very numerous. Among them are the following : 
1, Verbs with prefixed pronouns: 
lakpése, he drinks 
yalakpése, thou drinkest 
walakpése, I drink 
hianthapewa, he sleeps 
yahianthapewa, thou sleepest 
wahianthapéwa, I sleep 
téwa, he is dead 
yiléwa, thou art dead 
witéwa, Iam dead 
2. The verbs in which the pronouns are inserted seem to be the most 
numerous class. The following are examples: 
hahewa, he says 
hayihéwa, thow sayest 
hawahewa, I say 
mahandnka, he sits down 
mahayindika, thou sittest down 
mahaminanka, I sit down 
tnkséeha, he laughs 
inyakseha, thou laughest 
inwakséeha, T laugh 
ohata, he sees 
oyahata, thou seest 
owahdia, I see 
