278 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF THE TEEEITOEIES. 



The foregoing trees, whetlier transplanted or from seeds or cuttings, 

 have done well at Wilson, making growth equal to what is usual in 

 Eastern Missouri or Illinois. Eeverend E. Gale, one of the regents of 

 Kansas State Agricultural College, examined the trees on the 18th of 

 August and reported measurements as follows : 



From seed. — Ailantus, 24 to 30 inches; catalpa, 3 to 12 inches j chest- 

 nut, 4 to 12 inches; elm, 10 to 20 inches; locust, 36 to 48 inches; honey- 

 locust, 16 to 24 inches; silver-maple, 12 to 24 inches; oak, 8 to 10 inches; 

 osage-orange, 12 to 30 inches; peach, 24 to 30 inches; pecan, 4 to 9 

 inches; walnut, 10 to 12 inches. 



From cuttings. — White poplar, 12 to 27 inches; Lombardy poplar, 24 

 to 36 inches; cotton-wood, 18 to 24 inches; white willow, 24 to oQ inches. 



Transplanted. — Ailantus, 48 to 60 inches; ash, 10 to 16 inches; box- 

 elder, 36 to 40 inches; catalpa, 12 to 24 inches; chestnut, 8 to 14 inches; 

 cotton-wood, 36 to 60 inches; elm, 20 to 30 inches; honey-locust, 36 to 42 

 inches; larch, 6 to 12 inches; linden, 9 to 18 inches; silver-maple, 24 to 30 

 inches; sycamore-maple, 12 to 24 inches; osage-orange, 12 to 36 inches; 

 peach, 30 to 36 inches; white poplar, 24 to 36 inches; Lombardy i^ox>lar, 

 24 to 36 inches ; tulip-tree, 8 to 10 inches ; willows, 36 to 48 inches ; wal- 

 nut, 6 to 8 incties. 



Mr. Gale says: "The evergreens have nearly all lived, and have made 

 a growth of from 4 to 8 inches. All have done well. There is certainly 

 nothing in the appearance of these trees to discourage the planting of 

 evergreens in Kansas." It is i)roper to state that the catalpa-seed 

 was sown broadcast on ground which had been broken the November 

 previous and was not replowed. Seedling walnuts were grown by put- 

 ting the seed under fresh-turned sod. None of the trees had the care 

 or cultivation usual in nurseries. 



At Ellis the same transplanted trees were tried as at Wilson, except 

 red cedar and cotton-wood. The result was encouraging, although the 

 chestnut, larch, and Norway spruce may be said to have failed on this 

 first trial, and some others were less vigorous than at Wilson. The 

 hail-storm of 1st June greatly damaged the trees, cutting oft' the leaves 

 and shoots and splitting the bark; yet a large proportion of the decidu- 

 ous class made a fair growth, and about 50 per cent, of the pines sur- 

 vived. Of ailantus, ash, catalpa, honey-locust, and white poplar plunted 

 at Ellis every tree survived, and nearly all of the box-elder, elm, silver- 

 maple, osage-orange, Lombardy i^oplar, and black walnut. 



At Pond Creek the growth of some kinds of trees was highly 

 encouraging. Ailantus, ash, box-elder, catalpa, honey-locust, and osage- 

 orange have done best, and promise well for the future. Elm and black 

 walnut made moderate growth, and seem to have established themselves. 

 The willows, tiie poplars, and the silver-maple did not come up to 

 expectation. European larch and most of the e\'ergTeens failed; but a 

 few of the pines lived through the summer, and in another season will 

 probably do well. The trees at Pond Creek are in one of the most for- 

 bidding spots of all the plains. At the new station, Wallace, about two 

 miles eastward, and on higher ground but with different soil, silver-maple 

 and Lombardy x)oi)lar seem to do much better than at Pond Creek. 



NO IREIGATION. 



The experiments were all without irrigation. Except to soak some of 

 the seeds, or to puddle the roots of the trees as they were set out, not 

 one drop of water was applied by human agency. The trees had not 

 the benefit of good care and cultivation; they were not aided by mulch- 

 ing the ground ; nor had they any shade or shelter from the winds. All 



