﻿32 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  and 
  Little 
  Cascapedia 
  rivers. 
  In 
  the 
  Siluric 
  section 
  the 
  strata 
  are 
  

   nearly 
  all 
  calcareous 
  with 
  intercalations 
  of 
  red 
  shale 
  near 
  the 
  top. 
  

   They 
  stand 
  at 
  high 
  angles 
  to 
  the 
  horizon, 
  usually 
  dipping 
  60-80 
  

   s. 
  e., 
  but 
  these 
  dips 
  vary 
  somewhat, 
  though 
  without 
  unconformities. 
  

   The 
  eroded 
  edges 
  of 
  the 
  strata 
  are 
  overlain 
  elsewhere 
  in 
  the 
  region 
  

   by 
  the 
  red 
  sands 
  and 
  conglomerates 
  of 
  the 
  Bonaventure 
  formation, 
  

   and 
  there 
  are 
  several 
  considerable 
  fissures 
  in 
  the 
  Siluric 
  limestones 
  

   which 
  are 
  filled 
  in 
  with 
  red 
  sand 
  derived 
  from 
  the 
  overlying 
  beds. 
  

   All 
  these 
  occurrences 
  indicate 
  land 
  exposure 
  of 
  the 
  Siluric 
  during 
  

   all 
  the 
  early 
  and 
  middle 
  Devonic 
  time. 
  

  

  The 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  section 
  at 
  the 
  west 
  begins 
  with 
  greenish, 
  

   highly 
  nodular 
  lime-shales, 
  very 
  compact 
  and 
  heavy 
  bedded, 
  

   weathering 
  out 
  into 
  irregular 
  and 
  gnarled 
  shapes. 
  These 
  alter- 
  

   nate 
  with 
  more 
  highly 
  calcareous 
  shales 
  and 
  compact 
  limestones 
  

   of 
  red 
  and 
  ochreous 
  tints. 
  These 
  compact 
  limestones 
  contain 
  

   Stricklandinias 
  of 
  great 
  size 
  (S. 
  gaspensis 
  Billings) 
  and 
  in 
  

   great 
  number 
  and 
  with 
  these 
  are 
  Spirifers 
  of 
  the 
  S. 
  radiatus- 
  

   niagarensis 
  type 
  and 
  occasional 
  Whitfieldellas. 
  Through- 
  

   out 
  the 
  lower 
  beds 
  the 
  rest 
  of 
  the 
  fauna 
  is 
  largely 
  of 
  Stromato- 
  

   poroids 
  and 
  corals 
  which 
  occur 
  in 
  enormous 
  quantity 
  and 
  great 
  

   diversity. 
  There 
  are 
  Halysites 
  of 
  several 
  species, 
  having 
  hori- 
  

   zon 
  values, 
  Favosites 
  and 
  Alveolites 
  of 
  great 
  size, 
  Heliolites, 
  

   Syringopora, 
  Podophyllum 
  in 
  extensive 
  colonies, 
  Zaphrentis 
  and 
  

   other 
  cyathophylloids 
  in 
  considerable 
  variety. 
  Additional 
  spe- 
  

   cies 
  in 
  these 
  lower 
  beds 
  are 
  Calymmene, 
  Chonetes, 
  A 
  t 
  r 
  y 
  p 
  a 
  

   reticularis 
  (Siluric 
  type), 
  Tentaculites, 
  cyclostomatous 
  gas- 
  

   tropods, 
  etc. 
  

  

  At 
  an 
  elevation 
  in 
  the 
  series 
  of 
  about 
  1500 
  feet, 
  where 
  the 
  

   scraggy 
  limestones 
  continue, 
  there 
  is 
  some 
  indication 
  of 
  change 
  

   in 
  the 
  fauna 
  by 
  the 
  addition 
  of 
  brachiopods 
  of 
  the 
  genus 
  Camaro- 
  

   toechia, 
  Rafinesquina, 
  the 
  cephalopods 
  Orthoceras, 
  Trochoceras, 
  

   etc. 
  From 
  Howatson's 
  (elevation 
  on 
  section, 
  1500 
  feet) 
  on 
  east- 
  

   ward 
  the 
  scraggy 
  limestones 
  continue 
  as 
  far 
  as 
  the 
  breakwater. 
  

   Then 
  follows 
  a 
  heavy 
  mass 
  of 
  sandy 
  shale. 
  This 
  sedimentation 
  

   continues 
  sandy 
  to 
  near 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  section 
  which 
  terminates 
  

   at 
  the 
  volcanic 
  mass 
  forming 
  Black 
  cape, 
  but 
  toward 
  the 
  top 
  the 
  

   sands 
  become 
  interlaminated 
  with 
  thin 
  beds 
  of 
  volcanic 
  ash, 
  with 
  

   red 
  and 
  purplish 
  shale 
  and 
  eventually 
  calcareous 
  and 
  variegated 
  

   beds 
  succeed 
  to 
  these, 
  becoming 
  in 
  places 
  compact 
  lime 
  banks 
  

   entirely 
  constituted 
  of 
  the 
  debris 
  of 
  fossils. 
  

  

  These 
  sandstones 
  and 
  sandy 
  shales 
  are 
  remarkably 
  profuse 
  in 
  

  

  