﻿REPORT 
  OF 
  THE 
  DIRECTOR 
  ICjI2 
  OJ 
  

  

  that 
  this 
  current 
  which 
  was 
  a 
  southerly 
  to 
  southwesterly 
  one 
  along 
  

   the 
  eastern 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  Adirondack 
  region 
  changed 
  to 
  a 
  more 
  

   westerly 
  current 
  along 
  the 
  southern 
  side, 
  and 
  this 
  is 
  precisely 
  what 
  

   would 
  be 
  expected 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  a 
  current 
  sweeping 
  partly 
  around 
  

   a 
  land 
  mass 
  occupying 
  the 
  central 
  Adirondack 
  area. 
  

  

  Further, 
  the 
  very 
  recent 
  work 
  of 
  Ruedemann 
  shows 
  that 
  the 
  

   shales 
  of 
  the 
  lower 
  Mohawk 
  valley 
  and 
  Champlain 
  valley 
  which 
  

   have 
  always 
  been 
  regarded 
  as 
  of 
  Utica 
  age 
  are, 
  in 
  reality, 
  of 
  

   Trenton 
  (Canajoharie 
  and 
  Schenectady) 
  age; 
  that 
  the 
  Utica 
  shale 
  

   is 
  wholly 
  absent 
  from 
  those 
  regions 
  ; 
  and 
  that 
  there 
  is 
  no 
  evidence 
  

   of 
  their 
  ever 
  having 
  been 
  deposited 
  there. 
  Hence 
  any 
  argument 
  for 
  

   the 
  complete 
  submergence 
  of 
  the 
  Adirondacks 
  during 
  Utica 
  time 
  

   receives 
  a 
  serious 
  setback. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  Black 
  River 
  valley 
  the 
  Utica 
  is 
  followed 
  without 
  inter- 
  

   ruption 
  by 
  the 
  Frankfort 
  and 
  Pulaski 
  shales 
  and 
  sandstones. 
  The 
  

   combined 
  thickness 
  (about 
  nine 
  hundred 
  feet) 
  there 
  of 
  the 
  Utica, 
  

   Frankfort, 
  and 
  Pulaski 
  clearly 
  implies, 
  even 
  considering 
  deposition 
  

   in 
  a 
  downwarping 
  trough,- 
  that 
  the 
  sea 
  spread 
  well 
  over 
  the 
  western 
  

   side 
  of 
  the 
  southern 
  Adirondack 
  region. 
  However, 
  the 
  very 
  char- 
  

   acter 
  of 
  the 
  Frankfort 
  and 
  Pulaski 
  rocks, 
  which 
  contain 
  so 
  much 
  

   sandstone, 
  implies 
  comparative 
  nearness 
  to 
  land 
  undergoing 
  pretty 
  

   rapid 
  wear 
  and 
  more 
  than 
  likely 
  this 
  land 
  mass, 
  in 
  part 
  at 
  least, 
  lay 
  

   in 
  the 
  same 
  general 
  region 
  as 
  that 
  of 
  earlier 
  time. 
  In 
  the 
  vicinity 
  

   of 
  Utica 
  the 
  Pulaski 
  beds 
  are 
  missing, 
  signifying 
  dry 
  land 
  there 
  

   during 
  that 
  time, 
  while 
  on 
  the 
  southern 
  and 
  eastern 
  sides 
  the 
  only 
  

   strata 
  of 
  Posttrenton 
  age 
  are 
  the 
  Indian 
  Ladder 
  beds 
  of 
  Albany 
  

   county 
  which 
  are 
  thought 
  to 
  correlate 
  with 
  the 
  Frankfort 
  beds 
  and 
  

   which 
  signify 
  local 
  subsidence 
  at 
  that 
  time 
  for 
  that 
  region. 
  The 
  

   outlier 
  at 
  Wells 
  furnishes 
  no 
  data 
  for 
  Posttrenton 
  time 
  because 
  of 
  

   the 
  absence 
  of 
  any 
  strata 
  younger 
  than 
  Canajoharie 
  age. 
  

  

  South 
  of 
  Utica 
  there 
  is 
  an 
  important 
  stratigraphic 
  break 
  between 
  

   the 
  Oneida 
  (Siluric) 
  conglomerate 
  and 
  the 
  underlying 
  Frankfort 
  

   (Ordovicic) 
  shales. 
  This 
  unconformity 
  is 
  very 
  distinct 
  so 
  that 
  prior 
  

   to 
  the 
  deposition 
  of 
  the 
  Oneida 
  the 
  region 
  around 
  Utica 
  was 
  well 
  

   above 
  sea 
  level 
  and 
  undergoing 
  erosion. 
  The 
  only 
  possible 
  source 
  

   of 
  the 
  pebbles 
  in 
  the 
  Oneida 
  formation 
  would 
  seem 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  an 
  

   area 
  of 
  Precambric 
  rock, 
  more 
  than 
  likely 
  situated 
  in 
  that 
  same 
  

   portion 
  of 
  the 
  Adirondacks 
  which 
  never 
  became 
  submerged 
  during 
  

   the 
  Cambro-Ordovicic 
  periods. 
  That 
  this 
  uplift, 
  which 
  began 
  in 
  

   the 
  late 
  Ordovicic, 
  affected 
  the 
  region 
  as 
  far'eastward 
  as 
  the 
  Hudson 
  

   valley, 
  and 
  that 
  the 
  land 
  remained 
  above 
  sea 
  level 
  for 
  a 
  long 
  time 
  

  

  