﻿REPORT 
  OF 
  THE 
  DIRECTOR 
  igi2 
  1 
  33 
  

  

  tinental 
  and 
  insular 
  shores 
  and 
  on 
  the 
  bottom 
  of 
  these 
  shallow 
  

   intervening 
  seas 
  were 
  laid 
  down, 
  to 
  hundreds 
  and 
  even 
  thousands 
  of 
  

   feet, 
  the 
  sediments 
  of 
  the 
  ocean 
  filled 
  with 
  the 
  remains 
  of 
  living 
  

   beings 
  that 
  played 
  out 
  their 
  days 
  in 
  succession 
  as 
  unknown 
  time 
  

   rolled 
  by. 
  Thus 
  the 
  shallow 
  sea 
  became 
  overloaded 
  with 
  its 
  burden 
  

   of 
  deposits 
  — 
  ■ 
  a 
  load 
  of 
  soft 
  and 
  plastic 
  material 
  made 
  still 
  more 
  

   yielding 
  by 
  being 
  carried 
  constantly 
  farther 
  downward 
  into 
  regions 
  

   of 
  higher 
  heat 
  as 
  the 
  later 
  deposits 
  continued 
  to 
  pile 
  on 
  top 
  of 
  the 
  

   earlier. 
  Against 
  this 
  soft 
  and 
  weakened 
  mass 
  of 
  deposits 
  stood, 
  

   on 
  one 
  side, 
  the 
  great 
  weight 
  of 
  the 
  waters 
  in 
  the 
  vast 
  Atlantic 
  

   ocean 
  basin, 
  pressing 
  upon 
  them 
  landward, 
  and 
  on 
  the 
  other, 
  the 
  

   irresistible 
  crystalline 
  continent 
  — 
  the 
  Canadian 
  shield. 
  

  

  The 
  outcome 
  was 
  inevitable; 
  the 
  whole 
  mass 
  of 
  sea 
  deposits 
  

   was 
  slowly 
  turned 
  up 
  into 
  great 
  mountain 
  folds 
  and 
  troughs 
  — 
  

   not 
  all 
  at 
  once 
  but 
  slowly, 
  fold 
  after 
  fold, 
  to 
  unmeasured 
  heights, 
  

   and 
  often 
  the 
  folds 
  at 
  the 
  south 
  were 
  thrust 
  upon 
  and 
  over 
  folds 
  at 
  

   the 
  north. 
  Thus, 
  broadly 
  and 
  rapidly 
  speaking, 
  the 
  Appalachian 
  

   system 
  of 
  mountains 
  was 
  built 
  up 
  through 
  the 
  ages, 
  not 
  at 
  any 
  

   one 
  time 
  in 
  geological 
  history, 
  but 
  beginning 
  slowly 
  and 
  early 
  at 
  the 
  

   north 
  and 
  ending 
  late 
  at 
  the 
  south. 
  In 
  the 
  early 
  development 
  of 
  this 
  

   structure 
  the 
  shove 
  of 
  the 
  soft 
  rocks 
  against 
  the 
  crystalline 
  shield 
  

   was 
  so 
  valiantly 
  withstood 
  at 
  the 
  north, 
  that 
  there, 
  along 
  the 
  south- 
  

   ern 
  outline 
  of 
  that 
  shield, 
  from 
  Lake 
  Ontario 
  to 
  Natashkwan, 
  the 
  

   softer 
  rocks 
  broke 
  down, 
  making, 
  where 
  the 
  two 
  lay 
  in 
  contact, 
  a 
  

   deep 
  and 
  broad 
  fracture 
  extending 
  from 
  southwest 
  to 
  northeast. 
  

   The 
  existence 
  of 
  this 
  break 
  or 
  fault 
  in 
  the 
  rocks 
  was 
  long 
  ago 
  

   signalized 
  by 
  Sir 
  William 
  Logan 
  1 
  and 
  it 
  is 
  known 
  today 
  as 
  " 
  Logan's 
  

  

  1 
  One 
  who 
  has 
  followed 
  closely 
  in 
  the 
  footsteps 
  of 
  Sir 
  William 
  Logan 
  in 
  

   his 
  geological 
  work 
  in 
  eastern 
  Quebec 
  may 
  perhaps 
  be 
  permitted, 
  without 
  

   impropriety, 
  to 
  revert 
  to 
  the 
  extraordinary 
  achievements 
  of 
  this 
  great 
  

   Canadian, 
  and 
  his 
  distinguished 
  services 
  to 
  geological 
  science. 
  

  

  The 
  year 
  after 
  Sir 
  William 
  organized 
  the 
  Geological 
  Survey 
  of 
  Canada, 
  

   he 
  began 
  his 
  official 
  career 
  by 
  explorations 
  in 
  the 
  Gaspe 
  peninsula. 
  Laboring 
  

   in 
  the 
  early 
  40's 
  among 
  the 
  picturesque 
  sea 
  cliffs 
  of 
  that 
  inviting 
  country, 
  

   traversing 
  its 
  wildernesses, 
  he 
  determined 
  its 
  geological 
  systems 
  with 
  their 
  

   wealth 
  of 
  unrecorded 
  facts 
  and 
  made 
  of 
  the 
  Gaspe 
  country 
  ground 
  that 
  will 
  

   always 
  be 
  of 
  classic 
  worth 
  to 
  geological 
  science. 
  Had 
  he 
  done 
  no 
  more, 
  he 
  

   would 
  have 
  served 
  well 
  ; 
  but 
  he 
  did 
  do 
  vastly 
  more 
  in 
  the 
  development 
  of 
  the 
  

   mineral 
  resources 
  of 
  the 
  Dominion. 
  A 
  country 
  that 
  is 
  rich 
  and 
  strong 
  and 
  

   great 
  will 
  not 
  forget 
  its 
  obligation 
  to 
  such 
  a 
  distinguished 
  servant. 
  France, 
  it 
  

   is 
  said 
  commemorates 
  by 
  public 
  memorials 
  the 
  services 
  of 
  its 
  eminent 
  

   civilians 
  more 
  often 
  than 
  it 
  does 
  those 
  of 
  its 
  military 
  and 
  naval 
  heroes. 
  Such 
  

   a 
  memorial 
  to 
  Logan 
  is 
  wanting. 
  There 
  stands 
  a 
  rock 
  cliff 
  in 
  the 
  heart 
  of 
  the 
  

  

  