﻿12 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  it 
  forms 
  the 
  bluffs 
  of 
  the 
  east 
  bank 
  of 
  the 
  river 
  and 
  thence 
  merges 
  

   into 
  the 
  Hudson 
  river 
  plain. 
  

  

  DRAINAGE 
  

  

  The 
  two 
  quadrangles 
  drain 
  entirely 
  into 
  the 
  Hudson, 
  the 
  Schuy- 
  

   lerville 
  directly, 
  the 
  larger 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  Saratoga 
  indirectly. 
  The 
  

   chief 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  latter 
  drains 
  through 
  Kayaderosseras 
  creek 
  

   into 
  Saratoga 
  lake, 
  and 
  thence 
  by 
  Fish 
  creek 
  into 
  the 
  Hudson, 
  

   while 
  the 
  extreme 
  northwest 
  reaches 
  the 
  river 
  by 
  the 
  still 
  more 
  

   indirect 
  route 
  of 
  the 
  Sacandaga. 
  

  

  Across 
  the 
  Schuylerville 
  quadrangle 
  flows 
  the 
  Hudson 
  through 
  

   the 
  structural 
  valley 
  of 
  the 
  lowland 
  just 
  described. 
  In 
  structure 
  

   this 
  valley 
  is 
  the 
  direct 
  continuation 
  southward 
  of 
  the 
  Champlain- 
  

   Wood 
  creek 
  valley. 
  The 
  Hudson 
  enters 
  this 
  valley 
  at 
  Fort 
  Ed- 
  

   ward, 
  north 
  of 
  which 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  low 
  divide 
  of 
  Pleistocene 
  mate- 
  

   rials 
  between 
  the 
  Hudson 
  drainage 
  and 
  Wood 
  creek. 
  Between 
  

   Corinth 
  and 
  Fort 
  Edward 
  the 
  present 
  position 
  of 
  the 
  Hudson 
  was 
  

   never 
  before 
  occupied 
  by 
  a 
  large 
  stream, 
  but 
  is 
  apparently 
  a 
  com- 
  

   posite 
  of 
  portions 
  of 
  the 
  narrow 
  valleys 
  of 
  small 
  preglacial 
  streams. 
  

   A 
  small 
  portion 
  of 
  this 
  stretch 
  of 
  the 
  river's 
  course 
  is 
  seen 
  on 
  the 
  

   two 
  quadrangles, 
  the 
  remainder 
  lying 
  within 
  the 
  Glens 
  Falls 
  sheet. 
  

   In 
  this 
  part 
  of 
  its 
  course 
  it 
  shows 
  frequent 
  and 
  abrupt 
  changes 
  

   in 
  direction, 
  abrupt 
  variations 
  in 
  width, 
  and 
  frequent 
  falls 
  and 
  

   rapids. 
  At 
  Corinth 
  the 
  water 
  level 
  is 
  520 
  feet, 
  at 
  Fort 
  Edward 
  

   140 
  feet, 
  and 
  the 
  distance 
  is 
  less 
  than 
  12 
  miles 
  in 
  an 
  air 
  line, 
  though 
  

   much 
  more 
  following 
  the 
  river. 
  This 
  is 
  a 
  fall 
  of 
  over 
  30 
  feet 
  to 
  

   the 
  mile. 
  

  

  At 
  Corinth 
  the 
  river 
  is 
  in 
  another 
  structural 
  valley 
  of 
  good 
  size, 
  

   which 
  in 
  preglacial 
  times 
  must 
  have 
  been 
  occupied 
  by 
  a 
  consid- 
  

   erable 
  stream. 
  It 
  has 
  followed 
  this 
  valley 
  for 
  many 
  miles 
  through 
  

   the 
  mountains. 
  , 
  Structurally 
  this 
  valley 
  continues 
  to 
  the 
  south 
  

   across 
  the 
  Saratoga 
  quadrangle 
  and 
  is 
  now 
  occupied 
  by 
  Kayaderos- 
  

   seras 
  and 
  Sturdevant 
  creeks. 
  It 
  is 
  heavily 
  filled 
  with 
  Pleistocene 
  

   deposits, 
  especially 
  at 
  the 
  north, 
  and 
  it 
  was 
  this 
  depth 
  of 
  drift 
  

   filling 
  which 
  turned 
  the 
  Hudson 
  aside 
  into 
  its 
  modern 
  course 
  

   through 
  Glens 
  Falls. 
  The 
  deeper 
  channel 
  of 
  the 
  valley 
  is 
  indi- 
  

   cated 
  on 
  the 
  areal 
  map, 
  and 
  the 
  valley 
  continues 
  on 
  to 
  the 
  south 
  

   past 
  Ballston 
  and 
  through 
  Ballston 
  lake 
  to 
  the 
  Mohawk 
  at 
  

   Schenectady. 
  

  

  In 
  this 
  vicinity, 
  then, 
  the 
  present 
  Hudson 
  is 
  occupying 
  portions 
  

   of 
  two 
  ancient, 
  structural 
  valleys, 
  while 
  its 
  course 
  from 
  Corinth 
  to 
  

  

  