﻿GEOLOGY 
  OF 
  SARATOGA 
  SPRINGS 
  AND 
  VICINITY 
  91 
  

  

  basin 
  and 
  consist 
  of 
  Canajoharie, 
  Schenectady 
  and 
  Indian 
  Ladder 
  

   shales. 
  Nor 
  can 
  the 
  great 
  thickness 
  of 
  shales, 
  passed 
  in 
  well- 
  

   borings 
  in 
  the 
  shale 
  region 
  itself, 
  be 
  considered 
  as 
  demonstrat- 
  

   ing 
  a 
  great 
  thickness 
  of 
  the 
  shales. 
  In 
  a 
  well 
  at 
  Mechanicville, 
  

   for 
  instance, 
  1400 
  feet 
  of 
  shale 
  were 
  passed 
  without 
  reaching 
  the 
  

   bottom 
  of 
  the 
  formation 
  ; 
  since 
  the 
  shales 
  there, 
  however, 
  are 
  not 
  

   only 
  dipping 
  at 
  an 
  average 
  angle 
  of 
  about 
  yo° 
  , 
  but 
  also 
  repeated 
  

   in 
  overturned 
  folds, 
  the 
  thickness 
  of 
  the 
  shale 
  in 
  the 
  well 
  is 
  clearly 
  

   no 
  indication 
  of 
  a 
  corresponding 
  thickness 
  of 
  the 
  shale 
  beds. 
  

  

  That 
  the 
  possibility 
  exists 
  of 
  great 
  thickness 
  of 
  these 
  shales 
  in 
  

   this 
  region, 
  however, 
  is 
  shown 
  by 
  the 
  Canajoharie 
  and 
  Schenec- 
  

   tady 
  shales 
  in 
  the 
  closely 
  adjoining 
  basin 
  to 
  the 
  west, 
  which 
  were 
  

   found 
  to 
  reach 
  together 
  more 
  than 
  3000 
  feet 
  in 
  thickness. 
  

  

  On 
  the 
  western 
  side 
  of 
  Willard 
  mountain 
  there 
  are 
  exposed 
  about 
  

   400 
  feet 
  of 
  grits, 
  probably 
  without 
  repetition 
  of 
  the 
  beds, 
  a 
  thick- 
  

   ness 
  which 
  fairly 
  agrees 
  with 
  Dale's 
  estimate. 
  We 
  would 
  estimate 
  

   as 
  follows: 
  

  

  Grit 
  500+ 
  feet 
  

  

  White 
  beds 
  400+ 
  feet 
  

  

  Shale 
  100+ 
  feet 
  

  

  Fauna 
  of 
  the 
  Normanskill 
  beds. 
  Faunules, 
  mainly 
  of 
  graptolites, 
  

   have 
  been 
  found 
  in 
  many 
  places 
  in 
  the 
  Normanskill 
  belt 
  on 
  the 
  

   Schuylerville 
  quadrangle. 
  We 
  cite 
  here 
  only 
  the 
  more 
  important 
  

   occurrences 
  which 
  show 
  the 
  position 
  of 
  the 
  grit, 
  the 
  white 
  beds 
  

   and 
  shales 
  in 
  the 
  Normanskill 
  formation. 
  

  

  An 
  outcrop 
  of 
  deep 
  black 
  shale, 
  interbedded 
  in 
  the 
  grit 
  of 
  the 
  

   Rocky 
  tucks, 
  about 
  2 
  miles 
  north 
  of 
  Quaker 
  Springs, 
  contained 
  : 
  

  

  Corynoides 
  gracilis 
  Hopkinson 
  

   Didymograptus 
  subtenuis 
  (Hall) 
  

   Leptograptus 
  sp. 
  

   Dicranograptus 
  ramosus 
  Hall 
  

   Climacograptus 
  parvus 
  Hall 
  

   C. 
  scharenbergi 
  Lapworth 
  

   Diplograptus 
  cf. 
  acutus 
  Lapworth 
  

  

  This 
  is 
  a 
  typical 
  Normanskill 
  association 
  of 
  species. 
  

  

  A 
  six-foot 
  bed 
  of 
  compact 
  black 
  cherty' 
  rock 
  in 
  a 
  brook 
  just 
  

   above 
  Coveville 
  contained: 
  

  

  Dicranograptus 
  ramosus 
  Hall 
  

  

  Climacograptus 
  parvus 
  Hall 
  

  

  