﻿

  . 
  GEOLOGY 
  OF 
  SARATOGA 
  SPRINGS 
  AND 
  VICINITY 
  I4I 
  

  

  We 
  have 
  represented 
  in 
  figure 
  15 
  the 
  events 
  going 
  on 
  in 
  the 
  

   two 
  troughs, 
  as 
  • 
  far 
  as 
  the 
  Saratoga 
  and 
  Schuylerville 
  quad- 
  

   rangles 
  are 
  concerned, 
  during 
  Cambric 
  and 
  Ordovicic 
  time, 
  where 
  

   the 
  shaded 
  periods 
  represent 
  emergences 
  and 
  the 
  unshaded 
  the 
  

   submergences. 
  It 
  is 
  seen 
  at 
  once 
  that 
  frequent 
  oscillations 
  took 
  

   place 
  in 
  both 
  basins 
  and 
  that 
  the 
  invasions 
  of 
  the 
  sea 
  and 
  with- 
  

   drawals 
  did 
  not 
  take 
  place 
  simultaneously 
  in 
  both 
  basins, 
  but 
  at 
  

   very 
  different 
  times 
  and 
  apparently 
  independently 
  of 
  each 
  other. 
  

   It 
  appears, 
  however, 
  that 
  there 
  is 
  recognizable 
  a 
  certain 
  approxi- 
  

   mate 
  alternation 
  of 
  the 
  invasions 
  of 
  the 
  sea 
  in 
  the 
  two 
  basins, 
  indi- 
  

   cating 
  an 
  east-west 
  shifting 
  of 
  the 
  seas 
  in 
  the 
  troughs, 
  such 
  as 
  has 
  

   been 
  observed 
  in 
  more 
  complete 
  development 
  by 
  Ulrich 
  (1911, 
  page 
  

   543) 
  in 
  the 
  Ordovicic 
  seas 
  of 
  the 
  Appalachian 
  valley 
  troughs 
  in 
  

   east 
  Tennessee. 
  Moreover, 
  the 
  invasions 
  came 
  partly 
  from 
  the 
  

   northeast 
  or 
  Atlantic 
  basin 
  and 
  partly 
  from 
  the 
  Gulf 
  and 
  Pacific 
  

   basins. 
  

  

  The 
  Lower 
  and 
  Middle 
  Cambric 
  time 
  finds 
  the 
  western 
  trough 
  

   entirely 
  drained 
  of 
  the 
  sea, 
  while 
  at 
  the 
  same 
  time 
  a 
  great 
  mass 
  

   of 
  sediments 
  was 
  deposited 
  to 
  the 
  east, 
  the 
  Georgian 
  in 
  the 
  Levis 
  

   trough, 
  and 
  the 
  Acadian 
  in 
  still 
  more 
  easterly 
  troughs, 
  and 
  possibly 
  

   also 
  to 
  a 
  limited 
  extent 
  in 
  the 
  Levis 
  trough. 
  This 
  invasion 
  came 
  

   from 
  the 
  north. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  Upper 
  Cambric 
  the 
  scene 
  of 
  submergence 
  shifted 
  entirely 
  

   into 
  the 
  neighboring 
  westerly 
  trough, 
  where 
  invasions 
  first 
  from 
  

   the 
  north 
  and 
  then 
  from 
  the 
  southwest 
  brought 
  the 
  Potsdam 
  sand- 
  

   stone, 
  the 
  Hoyt 
  limestone 
  and 
  Little 
  Falls 
  dolomite, 
  while 
  the 
  

   eastern 
  trough 
  or 
  Levis 
  basin 
  was 
  at 
  the 
  same 
  time 
  raised 
  above 
  

   sea 
  level. 
  

  

  During 
  Beekmantown 
  and 
  Chazy 
  time 
  that 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  western 
  

   trough 
  now 
  exposed 
  was 
  apparently 
  drained 
  in 
  the 
  area 
  of 
  the 
  

   two 
  quadrangles 
  Jiere 
  described, 
  the 
  rocks 
  of 
  the 
  two 
  formations 
  

   being 
  absent 
  between 
  the 
  Little 
  Falls 
  dolomite 
  and 
  the 
  Amsterdam 
  

   limestone. 
  They 
  are, 
  however, 
  present 
  but 
  a 
  short 
  distance 
  north 
  in 
  

   the 
  Ticonderoga-Crown 
  Point 
  region, 
  and 
  the 
  sea 
  in 
  both 
  the 
  

   Beekmantown 
  and 
  Chazy 
  times, 
  nearly 
  reached 
  the 
  quadrangles 
  

   in 
  this 
  basin 
  from 
  the 
  north, 
  or 
  it 
  actually 
  reached 
  there 
  in 
  

   the 
  more 
  eastern, 
  deeper 
  parts 
  of 
  the 
  trough 
  which 
  are 
  now 
  

   buried 
  under 
  the 
  overthrust 
  shales 
  of 
  the 
  eastern 
  trough. 
  The 
  

   sea 
  did 
  reach 
  into 
  this 
  latitude 
  and 
  beyond, 
  coming 
  from 
  the 
  

   north, 
  in 
  the 
  Levis 
  trough, 
  where 
  the 
  Schaghticoke 
  and 
  Deep 
  Kill 
  

   graptolite 
  shales 
  and 
  possibly 
  also 
  the 
  Bald 
  Mountain 
  limestone 
  

  

  