﻿GEOLOGY 
  OF 
  SARATOGA 
  SPRINGS 
  AND 
  VICINITY 
  1 
  55 
  

  

  reason 
  entirely 
  apart 
  from 
  amount 
  of 
  throw. 
  The 
  significant 
  

   feature 
  of 
  the 
  fault 
  is 
  that 
  shales 
  are 
  the 
  surface 
  rocks 
  on 
  the 
  

   downthrow 
  side, 
  and 
  are 
  continuously 
  at 
  the 
  surface 
  to 
  the 
  east 
  

   for 
  many 
  miles. 
  

  

  Away 
  from 
  the 
  fault 
  the 
  drill 
  discloses 
  carbonated 
  water 
  under- 
  

   ground 
  only 
  in 
  territory 
  where 
  shales 
  are 
  the 
  surface 
  rocks, 
  terri- 
  

   tory 
  to 
  the 
  east 
  of 
  the 
  fault. 
  • 
  No 
  doubt, 
  in 
  this 
  shale-covered 
  

   region, 
  the 
  waters 
  have 
  wider 
  distribution 
  than 
  the 
  drill 
  has 
  yet 
  

   shown. 
  But 
  there 
  is 
  no 
  reason 
  to 
  believe 
  that 
  there 
  will 
  be 
  any 
  

   disclosure 
  to 
  conflict 
  with 
  the 
  statement 
  that 
  the 
  water 
  is 
  restricted 
  

   to 
  shale-covered 
  territory, 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  impervious 
  shales 
  prevent 
  

   its 
  ascension 
  to 
  the 
  surface 
  ; 
  that 
  such 
  territory 
  has 
  its 
  western 
  

   boundary 
  at 
  the 
  Saratoga 
  fault 
  and 
  that 
  the 
  water 
  can 
  and 
  does 
  

   make 
  its 
  way 
  to 
  the 
  surface 
  along 
  this 
  fault 
  ; 
  and 
  that 
  carbonated 
  

   water 
  has 
  never 
  been 
  found 
  on 
  the 
  west 
  side 
  of 
  this 
  fault 
  and 
  

   will 
  never 
  be 
  found 
  there. 
  1 
  East 
  of 
  the 
  fault 
  the 
  waters 
  are 
  im- 
  

   prisoned 
  under 
  the 
  shales. 
  The 
  Saratoga 
  fault 
  furnishes 
  the 
  line 
  

   for 
  escape 
  of 
  the 
  water 
  simply 
  because 
  it 
  happens 
  to 
  be 
  the 
  par- 
  

   ticular 
  fault 
  which 
  terminates 
  the 
  shales 
  on 
  the 
  west. 
  

  

  The 
  rock 
  which 
  acts 
  as 
  the 
  reservoir 
  for 
  storing 
  the 
  water 
  is 
  

   the 
  Little 
  Falls 
  dolomite. 
  Invariably 
  the 
  drill 
  discovers 
  it 
  in 
  that 
  

   rock. 
  Occasionally, 
  owing 
  to 
  local 
  conditions, 
  the 
  drill 
  reached 
  

   water 
  in 
  the 
  Amsterdam 
  limestone, 
  and 
  was 
  not 
  sent 
  down 
  into 
  

   the 
  Little 
  Falls 
  beneath. 
  But 
  the 
  evidence 
  is 
  clear 
  in 
  such 
  cases 
  

   that 
  the 
  water 
  had 
  worked 
  its 
  way 
  up 
  into 
  the 
  limestone 
  from 
  

   the 
  dolomite 
  along 
  some 
  fissure. 
  Only 
  one 
  well 
  in 
  the 
  whole 
  region, 
  

   the 
  Hathorn 
  bore, 
  has 
  been 
  carried 
  through 
  the 
  dolomite. 
  This 
  

   well 
  discovered 
  water 
  in 
  the 
  Potsdam 
  underneath. 
  Unfortunately 
  

   no 
  sample 
  of 
  this 
  water 
  was 
  saved 
  and 
  analyzed, 
  but 
  Mr 
  Hathorn's 
  

   statement 
  concerning 
  it 
  is 
  that 
  it 
  was 
  water 
  of 
  the 
  general 
  Sara- 
  

   toga 
  type, 
  but 
  very 
  weakly 
  mineralized 
  ; 
  hence 
  the 
  well 
  was 
  sealed 
  

   far 
  above 
  it 
  and 
  only 
  water 
  from 
  the 
  dolomite 
  admitted. 
  In 
  gen- 
  

   eral, 
  the 
  dolomite 
  is 
  not 
  a 
  porous 
  rock. 
  Certain 
  of 
  its 
  beds 
  have 
  

   a 
  calcite 
  cement 
  and 
  weather 
  porous 
  ; 
  but 
  in 
  the 
  drill 
  cores 
  they 
  

   all 
  seem 
  solid 
  and 
  impervious, 
  arid 
  it 
  seems 
  probable 
  that 
  the 
  water 
  

   supply 
  in 
  the 
  formation 
  is 
  all 
  contained 
  in 
  cracks 
  and 
  fissures, 
  in- 
  

   stead 
  of 
  in 
  porous 
  layers. 
  

  

  1 
  The 
  Ainsworth 
  well 
  in 
  Saratoga 
  is 
  a 
  possible 
  exception 
  to 
  the 
  above 
  state- 
  

   ment 
  since 
  it 
  may 
  be 
  located 
  a 
  few 
  feet 
  west 
  of 
  the 
  fault 
  line. 
  It 
  is, 
  how- 
  

   ever, 
  practically 
  on 
  the 
  fault 
  line. 
  

  

  