﻿GEOLOGY 
  OF 
  SARATOGA 
  SPRINGS 
  AND 
  VICINITY 
  

  

  157 
  

  

  be 
  regarded 
  as 
  deep-seated 
  waters 
  which 
  have 
  arisen 
  from 
  depth 
  

   along 
  the 
  line 
  of 
  the 
  Saratoga 
  fault 
  and 
  spread 
  from 
  the 
  fault 
  

   plane 
  into 
  the 
  dolomite, 
  in 
  which 
  rock 
  they 
  migrated 
  away 
  from 
  

   the 
  fault 
  plane 
  and 
  down 
  the 
  dip, 
  to 
  the 
  east 
  and 
  south, 
  thus 
  

   changing 
  from 
  ascending 
  to 
  descending 
  waters; 
  or 
  they 
  may 
  be 
  

   regarded 
  as 
  having 
  come 
  from 
  some 
  source 
  to 
  the 
  east 
  and 
  as 
  hav- 
  

   ing 
  used 
  the 
  dolomite 
  as 
  their 
  route 
  toward 
  the 
  west, 
  coming 
  up 
  

   the 
  dip 
  of 
  the 
  rock 
  as 
  ascending 
  waters, 
  the 
  head 
  supplied 
  from 
  

   the 
  hills 
  east 
  of 
  the 
  Hudson. 
  Until 
  the 
  Saratoga 
  fault 
  is 
  reached 
  

   the 
  water 
  is 
  confined 
  to 
  the 
  dolomite 
  by 
  the 
  impervious 
  cover 
  of 
  

  

  = 
  A 
  

  

  Fig. 
  16 
  Diagram 
  of 
  the 
  supposed 
  extension 
  of 
  the 
  Saratoga 
  fault 
  at 
  

   Ballston. 
  The 
  arrows 
  indicate 
  the 
  course 
  taken 
  by 
  the 
  underground 
  water 
  

   which 
  comes 
  from 
  the 
  east 
  through 
  the 
  dolomite, 
  rises 
  along 
  the 
  fault 
  frac- 
  

   ture 
  to 
  the 
  level 
  of 
  the 
  dolomite 
  on 
  the 
  west 
  (upthrow) 
  side, 
  and 
  passes 
  

   into 
  that 
  toward 
  the 
  west, 
  the 
  shales 
  preventing 
  it 
  from 
  coming 
  all 
  the 
  way 
  

   to 
  the 
  surface. 
  

  

  A 
  = 
  Canajoharie 
  shale, 
  B 
  = 
  Amsterdam 
  limestone, 
  C 
  = 
  Little 
  Falls 
  dolomite 
  

   D=Hoyt, 
  Theresa 
  and 
  Potsdam 
  formations 
  in 
  order, 
  

  

  overlying 
  shale, 
  and 
  at 
  the 
  fault 
  the 
  first 
  opportunity 
  to 
  escape 
  

   to 
  the 
  surface 
  is 
  given. 
  On 
  this 
  view 
  the 
  waters 
  do 
  not 
  ascend 
  

   from 
  any 
  great 
  depth 
  along 
  the 
  fault, 
  but 
  merely 
  follow 
  it 
  to 
  the 
  

   surface 
  from 
  their 
  fissures 
  in 
  the 
  dolomite, 
  below 
  ground 
  on 
  the 
  

   east 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  fault. 
  In 
  our 
  opinion 
  this 
  latter 
  view 
  represents 
  

   the 
  true 
  state 
  of 
  the 
  case. 
  Ruedemann 
  was 
  the 
  first 
  to 
  see 
  this 
  

   clearly, 
  his 
  opinion 
  being 
  based 
  on 
  his 
  structural 
  work 
  in 
  the 
  dis- 
  

   trict 
  of 
  overthrusting 
  east 
  of 
  the 
  Hudson. 
  He 
  has 
  prepared 
  a 
  

   statement 
  of 
  his 
  views, 
  which 
  appear 
  on 
  page 
  165 
  of 
  this 
  bulletin. 
  

   We 
  are 
  in 
  cordial 
  agreement 
  with 
  his 
  reasoning 
  as 
  there 
  outlined. 
  

   As 
  previously 
  stated, 
  we 
  think 
  the 
  lack 
  of 
  carbonated 
  waters 
  to 
  the 
  

  

  