100 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ALBANY MEETING 



(Ringold), the first to be published on the standard scale of two miles to 

 the inch. Moreover^ he prepared eight of the first twenty-two issued, 

 and as Chief Geologist gave close personal attention to later folio publi- 

 cation. Though the first folios appear crude when compared with those 

 of the present day, yet be it remembered that the mapping therein used 

 was much more refined than most of that which preceded it. 



Alaska Explohation 



His intimate association with Eussell during the period when the latter 

 was engaged in his northern exploration accounts for Hayes's interest in 

 Alaska, then to the geologist an almost untrodden field. In 1891 Lieut. 

 Frederick Schwatka invited Eussell to take part in an exploration of the 

 upper Yukon basin. As Eussell was deeply involved in his own field, 

 the opportunity came to Hayes. Up to this time Hayes's geologic studies 

 had been only in the southern Appalachians, and he had never been west 

 of Ohio. Therefore the journey across the continent by the Canadian 

 route was a revelation to him, and his notebook is crowded with observa- 

 tions made from the car window. These were chiefly matters of detail, 

 but they were destined to find fruit in a broad interpretation of conti- 

 nental physiography which came some time later. His interest was 

 specially centered on glacial phenomena, which was new to him as a 

 geologist, though his earlier years had been spent in a glaciated region. 

 His observations were by no means confined to geology, for many facts 

 relating to geography and industry found place in his notebook. 



The results of the exploration in which Hayes took such a prominent 

 part have long since been fully presented, but it is worth while to outline 

 its general features, and, above all, to record his personal impressions. 

 The route of travel for his party of three was to Juneau by steamer, where 

 the exploration began. From there Taku Inlet was followed to its head, 

 and thence a route found through the Coast Eange by the Taku Eiver. 

 Hayes recorded his impressions on this journey in his journal, his letters, 

 and an unpublished manuscript, from which the following quotations are 

 taken. He thus tells of the departure from Juneau : 



"Our craft was a Tlinket war canoe made from a single cedar log and capa- 

 ble of carrying thirty or forty men. As we disappeared into the fog, with the 

 wild chant of natives keeping time with their paddles, I fancy we must ha^e 

 had a strong resemblance to an old-time war party bent on a foray. Our feel- 

 ings were decidedly less warlike than a tew days later, when our Indians 

 began to show their true character and the depravity of their mulish disposi- 

 tions," 



