332 e, m. kindle deformation in nova scotia and ontario 



Explanation of the disturbed Beds of Avon Eiver 



Tlie disturbed ])eds of tlie Avon River mud flats are believed to have 

 originated through difl'erential weighting of the beds acting in conjunc- 

 tion witli bottom scour which 0})erated in the way suggested by the ex- 

 periments to ]3roduce liorizontal movement of the beds. ' 



Disturbances of tlie bedding in strata of sand may originate in tlie 

 same general way through tlie juxtaposition of beds of quiclvsand and 

 ordinary sand. TJie extreme mobility of tlie former would be likely to 

 cause readjustment of the layers if a deposit of ordinary heavy sand were 





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Figure 8. — Contorted Beds of Sand on Sliore of Lake Erie west of Port Rowan, Ontario 



laid ill uneven thickness on it. Woodworth" has described a section at 

 Port Kent, N"ew York, in which the sands have been disrupted by clay, 

 which has penetrated the sand after the manner of irregular dikes. 



The Cliffs of Port Rowan, Ontario 



The cliffs of postglacial sands and clays which border the north shore 

 of Lake Ontario 12 miles west of Port Rowan show a section in which a 

 thickness of beds much greater than those described above have suffered 

 deformation. These beds are composed chiefly of sand and are overlaid 

 by horizontal and cross-bedded sands, as shown in figure 8. They rest on 

 lake clays which probably belong to the Lake Whittlesey stage of sedi- 



N, y. state Mus. Bull, no, 84, 1905, p. 189, fig. 23, 



