674 J. A. BOWNOCKER PETROLEUM IN OHIO AND INDIANA 



the ^'Corniferous," south and southeast of Terre Haute, but were it not 

 for the remarkable Phoenix well the field would not be mentioned. 



MiSSISSIPPlAN AND PeNNSYLVANIAN SaNDS AS SOURCES OF PETROLEUM 



IN Ohio and Indiana 



The Mississippian sands rank among the most important sources of 

 oil in Ohio, and their value is rising in Indiana. The producing counties 

 in Ohio extend from Trumbull on the north to Washington on the south, 

 or, in other words, almost entirely across the eastern part of the State, 

 but Monroe and Washington have been by far the largest producers. 

 The pools, while numerous, are mostly small and not more than 2 or 3 

 include more than 10 square miles. The number of wells drilled is very 

 large and may be counted by the thousands. Condit estimates the wells 

 drilled in the Woodsfield quadrangle alone at about 2,000.^^ So exten- 

 sively has testing been done that the chances of discovering large reser- 

 voirs are very small, and the production of 5,586,433 barrels in 1903 will 

 probably stand as the maximum. 



The following composite well record from Washington County shows 

 the principal oil sands and their relative positions in eastern and south- 

 eastern Ohio: 



Thickness To bottom 



Pennsylvanian: peet Feet 



Mantle rock 10 10 



Meigs Creek coal 5 15 



Shale, sandstone, and limestone 328 343 



MacJcshurg 140-foot, or First Cow Run, sand 35 378 



Shale and limestone 307 685 



Mackshurg 500-foot sand 17 702 



Shale and sandstone 379 1,081 



Maxville limestone (Big Lime) 35 1,116 



Mississippian : 



Shale 5 1,121 



Keener sand 55 1,170 



Shale 15 1,191 



Big Injun sand 115 1,306 



Shale and sandstone 394 1,700 



Berea sand 14 1,714 



These oil sands vary greatly in pei'sistence, texture, and thickness. 

 Thus the Berea sand is nearly always found at the proper horizon, and 

 its variation in thickness, excepting in a few places, is small. It is coarse- 

 grained and samples shot from deep wells in soutlieastern Oliio look not 



" D. D. Condit : Personal letter, Dec. 11, 1916. 



