﻿FOURTH 
  REPORT 
  OF 
  THE 
  DIRECTOR 
  I907 
  23 
  

  

  but 
  the 
  carriage 
  of 
  erratic 
  material 
  and 
  the 
  relative 
  distribution 
  of 
  

   the 
  drift 
  in 
  certain 
  localities, 
  leave 
  the 
  westward 
  flow 
  beyond 
  

   question. 
  A 
  still 
  more 
  striking 
  confirmation 
  is 
  found 
  in 
  connection 
  

   with 
  the 
  Schoharie 
  valley. 
  On 
  the 
  east 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  lower 
  Schoharie 
  

   within 
  this 
  district, 
  the 
  drift 
  is 
  a 
  very 
  massive 
  till 
  and 
  outcrops 
  of 
  

   the 
  bed 
  rock 
  are 
  almost 
  absent. 
  In 
  fact 
  that 
  section 
  of 
  the 
  Scho- 
  

   harie 
  valley 
  from 
  Esperance 
  to 
  Fort 
  Hunter 
  was 
  filled 
  with 
  till 
  to 
  

   a 
  remarkable 
  extent 
  and 
  the 
  postglacial 
  excavations 
  by 
  the 
  stream 
  

   have 
  produced 
  a 
  singularly 
  interesting 
  series 
  of 
  topographic 
  forms 
  

   normal 
  to 
  river 
  action. 
  On 
  the 
  west 
  of 
  the 
  Schoharie 
  on 
  the 
  con- 
  

   trary, 
  outcrops 
  of 
  the 
  bed 
  rock 
  are 
  everywhere 
  present, 
  the 
  drift 
  is 
  

   very 
  thin, 
  ledges 
  and 
  glaciated 
  benches 
  are 
  frequent 
  and 
  the 
  region 
  

   gives 
  every 
  evidence 
  of 
  having 
  been 
  powerfully 
  scoured. 
  These 
  

   conditions 
  as 
  between 
  east 
  and 
  west 
  are 
  exactly 
  what 
  would 
  be 
  

   expected 
  from 
  a 
  westward 
  moving 
  glacier, 
  passing 
  over 
  the 
  hills 
  in 
  

   the 
  neighborhood 
  of 
  Minaville, 
  dumping 
  and 
  filling 
  in 
  the 
  valley 
  

   transverse 
  to 
  its 
  course, 
  and 
  drifting 
  powerfully 
  against 
  the 
  edges 
  

   of 
  the 
  exposed 
  striae 
  west 
  of 
  the 
  stream, 
  cleaning 
  away 
  the 
  drift 
  

   and 
  giving 
  to 
  the 
  whole 
  topography 
  a 
  characteristic 
  glacial 
  expression. 
  

   It 
  should 
  be 
  remembered, 
  however, 
  that 
  these 
  striae 
  and 
  other 
  evi- 
  

   dences 
  of 
  a 
  westward 
  flow 
  only 
  determine 
  the 
  last 
  glacial 
  conditions 
  

   of 
  the 
  area. 
  What 
  earlier 
  flows 
  there 
  may 
  have 
  been 
  and 
  what 
  their 
  

   directions 
  were, 
  must 
  for 
  the 
  present, 
  and 
  perhaps 
  always, 
  be 
  left 
  

   to 
  conjecture. 
  

  

  As 
  above 
  indicated, 
  the 
  valleys 
  drained 
  by 
  the 
  Sacandaga 
  dis- 
  

   tributaries 
  permitted 
  a 
  considerable 
  glacier 
  to 
  flow 
  southward 
  out 
  of 
  

   the 
  mountain 
  region 
  and 
  the 
  striae, 
  while 
  not 
  so 
  numerous 
  as 
  in 
  

   the 
  Mohawk 
  region, 
  are 
  sufficient 
  in 
  number 
  and 
  distributed 
  in 
  such 
  

   a 
  manner 
  as 
  to 
  leave 
  no 
  doubt 
  of 
  the 
  directions 
  already 
  described. 
  

   Two 
  localities 
  of 
  striae 
  about 
  4 
  miles 
  southeast 
  of 
  Batchellerville 
  

   show 
  gradings 
  of 
  a 
  south-southwest 
  direction, 
  belonging 
  evidently 
  

   to 
  this 
  Sacandaga 
  or 
  southern 
  Adirondack 
  movement, 
  which 
  was 
  

   quite 
  at 
  right 
  angles 
  to 
  the 
  northwestward 
  movement 
  already 
  noted 
  

   in 
  the 
  neighborhood 
  of 
  Galway. 
  

  

  Interlobate 
  moraine. 
  ' 
  One 
  of 
  the 
  most 
  interesting 
  glacial 
  develop- 
  

   ments 
  in 
  the 
  entire 
  district 
  is 
  a 
  belt 
  of 
  sand 
  hills 
  extending 
  across 
  

   the 
  Gloversville 
  and 
  Broadalbin 
  quadrangles 
  from 
  Gloversville 
  

   westward 
  over 
  Cliff 
  hill 
  and 
  eastward 
  toward 
  Broadalbin, 
  Haga- 
  

   dorn's 
  Mills 
  and 
  Barkersville. 
  This 
  grade 
  moraine 
  is 
  in 
  many 
  parts 
  

   massive, 
  from 
  1 
  to 
  2 
  miles 
  wide, 
  hills 
  sometimes 
  low 
  and 
  spreading 
  

   and 
  other 
  times 
  loftv 
  and 
  massive, 
  more 
  often 
  with 
  constructional 
  

  

  