﻿FOURTH 
  REPORT 
  OF 
  THE 
  DIRECTOR 
  I907 
  41 
  

  

  St 
  Lawrence 
  gulf 
  region. 
  The 
  work 
  has 
  progressed 
  more 
  slowly 
  

   than 
  could 
  have 
  been 
  anticipated 
  largely 
  because 
  of 
  the 
  great 
  diffi- 
  

   culties 
  involved 
  ir 
  executing 
  the 
  plates 
  in 
  accordance 
  with 
  the 
  

   accepted 
  standard 
  of 
  our 
  lithography. 
  The 
  first 
  volume 
  of 
  this 
  

   memoir 
  covering 
  especially 
  the 
  geology 
  and 
  paleontology 
  of 
  the 
  

   Gaspe 
  region 
  of 
  Canada 
  has 
  stood 
  complete 
  in 
  type 
  for 
  a 
  year 
  await- 
  

   ing 
  the 
  production 
  of 
  these 
  plates. 
  The 
  illustrative 
  matter 
  is 
  now 
  

   finished 
  and 
  it 
  will 
  be 
  possible 
  to 
  distribute 
  this 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  work 
  

   within 
  a 
  short 
  time. 
  Meanwhile 
  the 
  second 
  part 
  has 
  gone 
  to 
  press. 
  

   This 
  second 
  volume 
  is 
  concerned 
  with 
  these 
  faunas 
  in 
  their 
  develop- 
  

   ment 
  in 
  New 
  Brunswick 
  and 
  Maine 
  and 
  particularly 
  recounts 
  the 
  

   aspects 
  and 
  character 
  o* 
  the 
  faunas 
  in 
  New 
  York. 
  During 
  the 
  past 
  

   year 
  a 
  very 
  significant 
  addition 
  to 
  the 
  Oriskany 
  faunas 
  in 
  this 
  State 
  

   has 
  been 
  made 
  by 
  the 
  discovery 
  in 
  Orange 
  county 
  along 
  the 
  eastern 
  

   limb 
  of 
  the 
  Skunnemunk 
  mountain 
  syncline 
  of 
  a 
  considerable 
  de- 
  

   velopment 
  of 
  this 
  horizon 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  preservation 
  of 
  the 
  fossils 
  

   is 
  instructive 
  and 
  the 
  species 
  full 
  of 
  interest, 
  as 
  many 
  have 
  been 
  

   seen 
  for 
  the 
  first 
  time, 
  others 
  mark 
  the 
  first 
  appearance 
  in 
  this 
  State 
  

   of 
  forms 
  recorded 
  from 
  more 
  eastern 
  localities. 
  

  

  When 
  Professor 
  Hall 
  was 
  elaborating 
  the 
  paleontology 
  of 
  the 
  

   Helderberg 
  and 
  Oriskany 
  formations 
  the 
  development 
  of 
  these 
  rocks 
  

   in 
  the 
  Appalachian 
  region 
  of 
  New 
  York 
  south 
  of 
  the 
  Helderberg 
  

   mountains 
  did 
  not 
  contribute 
  materially 
  to 
  his 
  stores. 
  The 
  outcrops 
  

   in 
  this 
  region 
  had 
  been 
  delineated 
  with 
  approximate 
  accuracy 
  by 
  

   Mather 
  but 
  in 
  all 
  his 
  paleontological 
  work 
  in 
  New 
  York, 
  Hall 
  

   seldom 
  got 
  far 
  away 
  from 
  the 
  undisturbed 
  rocks 
  of 
  the 
  central 
  and 
  

   western 
  districts 
  of 
  the 
  State 
  to 
  which 
  he 
  was 
  early 
  wedded. 
  Work 
  

   was 
  later 
  done 
  in 
  this 
  Appalachian 
  region 
  by 
  N. 
  H. 
  Darton 
  of 
  the 
  

   United 
  States 
  Geological 
  Survey 
  (which 
  can 
  not 
  be 
  regarded 
  as 
  mak- 
  

   ing 
  any 
  advance 
  in 
  accuracy 
  upon 
  that 
  done 
  50 
  years 
  before 
  by 
  

   Lieutenant 
  Mather) 
  and 
  by 
  Dr 
  Heinrich 
  Ries, 
  who 
  constricted 
  a 
  

   map 
  and 
  report 
  of 
  Orange 
  county 
  recording 
  interesting 
  data 
  in 
  re- 
  

   gard 
  to 
  details 
  of 
  stratigraphy 
  without 
  attempting 
  close 
  analyses 
  

   on 
  the 
  basis 
  of 
  paleontology. 
  In 
  the 
  instructive 
  but 
  involved 
  sec- 
  

   tions 
  entangled 
  in 
  Appalachian 
  folding 
  the 
  arenaceous 
  deposits 
  of 
  

   the 
  Lower 
  Devonic 
  have 
  generally 
  passed 
  as 
  " 
  Oriskany 
  " 
  and 
  the 
  

   calcareous 
  beds 
  beneath 
  as 
  " 
  Lower 
  Helderberg," 
  a 
  discrimination 
  

   which 
  is 
  no 
  longer 
  accurate 
  or 
  adequate. 
  In 
  late 
  years 
  the 
  regions 
  

   have 
  been 
  given 
  careful 
  study 
  at 
  certain 
  points 
  and 
  the 
  succession 
  

   of 
  the 
  faunas 
  closely 
  analyzed. 
  Perhaps 
  the 
  first 
  of 
  these 
  efforts 
  

   was 
  that 
  made 
  by 
  the 
  writer 
  to 
  portray 
  the 
  character 
  of 
  the 
  Oriskany 
  

  

  