﻿FOURTH 
  REPORT 
  OF 
  THE 
  DIRECTOR 
  I907 
  47 
  

  

  heavy 
  tread 
  of 
  the 
  buffalo 
  herds 
  which 
  gather 
  there, 
  with 
  help 
  of 
  

   wind 
  and 
  weather, 
  have 
  uncovered 
  these 
  bone 
  heaps 
  which 
  are 
  

   buried 
  only 
  a 
  little 
  way 
  beneath 
  the 
  surface. 
  The 
  mass 
  of 
  bones 
  

   is 
  said 
  to 
  be 
  very 
  considerable 
  ; 
  to 
  judge 
  only 
  from 
  what 
  lies 
  

   bare 
  or 
  projects 
  from 
  the 
  surface, 
  some 
  estimate 
  that 
  there 
  must 
  

   be 
  the 
  ribs 
  of 
  at 
  least 
  12-15 
  animals. 
  How 
  many 
  more 
  yet 
  may 
  

   not 
  be 
  buried 
  under 
  the 
  earth? 
  It 
  was 
  perhaps 
  a 
  numerous 
  herd 
  of 
  

   beasts 
  that 
  here 
  found 
  their 
  common 
  grave. 
  As 
  to 
  the 
  former 
  

   owners 
  of 
  these 
  bones, 
  the 
  native 
  Americans 
  have 
  just 
  as 
  little 
  

   knowledge 
  as 
  the 
  opinions 
  of 
  the 
  most 
  learned 
  students 
  of 
  nature 
  

   have 
  imparted. 
  On 
  account 
  of 
  the 
  immense 
  size 
  of 
  the 
  bones 
  and 
  

   of 
  the 
  elephantlike 
  tusks 
  found 
  among 
  them 
  the 
  natural 
  inference 
  

   has 
  arisen 
  that 
  they 
  are 
  remains 
  of 
  elephants 
  formerly 
  native 
  in 
  

   this 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  world 
  or 
  by 
  accident 
  brought 
  here 
  and 
  destroyed, 
  

   and 
  one 
  is 
  all 
  the 
  more 
  justified 
  in 
  the 
  opinion, 
  which 
  has 
  in 
  itself 
  

   nothing 
  contradictory, 
  as 
  in 
  so 
  many 
  other 
  regions 
  similar 
  elephant 
  

   bones 
  have 
  been 
  discovered 
  where 
  the 
  race 
  of 
  elephants 
  is 
  as 
  little 
  

   native 
  as 
  in 
  America. 
  

  

  By 
  exact 
  comparison 
  between 
  these 
  bones 
  from 
  the 
  Ohio 
  and 
  

   other 
  bones 
  and 
  teeth 
  from 
  living 
  elephants, 
  certain 
  variations 
  have 
  

   been 
  marked 
  which 
  raise 
  new 
  doubts. 
  Particularly 
  it 
  has 
  been 
  

   found 
  that 
  the 
  thigh 
  bones 
  on 
  the 
  Ohio 
  are 
  thicker 
  and 
  stouter 
  than 
  

   those 
  of 
  the 
  well 
  known 
  elephants; 
  that 
  the 
  tusks 
  are 
  often 
  some- 
  

   what 
  twisted 
  and 
  especially 
  that 
  the 
  crowns 
  of 
  the 
  molar 
  teeth 
  are 
  

   furnished 
  with 
  wedge-shaped 
  elevations 
  which 
  the 
  oresent 
  elephant 
  

   does 
  not 
  possess. 
  For 
  these, 
  and 
  especiallv 
  the 
  last 
  reason, 
  the 
  

   learned 
  Dr 
  Hunter 
  1 
  believes 
  himself 
  justified 
  in 
  assuming 
  that 
  these 
  

   American 
  bones 
  and 
  teeth 
  must 
  have 
  belonged 
  to 
  a 
  flesh-eating 
  

   animal 
  larger 
  than 
  the 
  known 
  elephant. 
  From 
  their 
  relations 
  to 
  

   the 
  bones 
  found 
  in 
  Siberia, 
  Norway 
  and 
  other 
  northern 
  lands 
  of 
  

   the 
  old 
  world, 
  Raspe 
  seeks 
  to 
  make 
  it 
  appear 
  probable 
  that 
  they 
  

   are 
  the 
  remains 
  of 
  a 
  great 
  animal 
  (elephant 
  or 
  not) 
  which 
  was 
  of 
  

   a 
  special 
  species 
  and 
  originally 
  was 
  adapted 
  to 
  colder 
  regions, 
  the 
  

   whole 
  race 
  of 
  which 
  has 
  from 
  unknown 
  causes 
  now 
  become 
  

   extinct. 
  2 
  

  

  With 
  this 
  view 
  Daubenton 
  and 
  other 
  savants 
  agree 
  and 
  Mr 
  Pen- 
  

   nant 
  believes 
  that 
  this 
  still 
  undetermined 
  animal 
  may 
  yet 
  be 
  en- 
  

   countered 
  alive 
  somewhere 
  in 
  the 
  interior 
  unknown 
  regions 
  of 
  

   America, 
  and 
  calls 
  it 
  therefore 
  in 
  his 
  synopsis, 
  the 
  American 
  ele- 
  

   phant. 
  If 
  now, 
  remains 
  of 
  the 
  hippopotamus 
  have 
  not 
  to 
  some 
  

   extent 
  on 
  the 
  Ohio 
  been 
  mixed 
  with 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  eleohant 
  and 
  hence 
  

   given 
  rise 
  to 
  errors, 
  this 
  idea 
  needs 
  further 
  elucidation. 
  

  

  In 
  Pittsburg' 
  J 
  saw 
  in 
  the 
  oossession 
  of 
  an 
  artillery 
  officer 
  a 
  thigh 
  

   bone, 
  a 
  molar 
  and 
  a 
  tusk 
  which 
  he 
  had 
  himself 
  brought 
  from 
  that 
  

   region. 
  The 
  thigh 
  bone, 
  though 
  quite 
  dry 
  and 
  here 
  and 
  there 
  with 
  

  

  'Philos. 
  Trans. 
  1768. 
  v. 
  LVITT. 
  

  

  2 
  Philos. 
  Trans. 
  1769. 
  v. 
  LIX. 
  Dissertatio 
  epistolans 
  de 
  Ossib^s 
  

   & 
  Dentibus 
  Elephantum, 
  aliarnmciue 
  T>e!It7arrm, 
  in 
  America 
  boreali 
  

   etc. 
  obviis, 
  quae 
  indigenarum 
  belluarum 
  esse 
  ostenditur. 
  I. 
  C. 
  Raspe 
  

  

  