﻿58 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  stretch 
  along 
  from 
  Mineville 
  for 
  nearly 
  2 
  miles 
  to 
  the 
  north, 
  

   even 
  crossing 
  the 
  line 
  of 
  the 
  town 
  of 
  Moriah 
  into 
  Elizabethtown. 
  

  

  History. 
  The 
  first 
  of 
  the 
  ore 
  bodies 
  to 
  be 
  discovered 
  was 
  the 
  

   one 
  which 
  is 
  now 
  called 
  the 
  Cheever, 
  but 
  which 
  when 
  Professor 
  

   Emmons 
  was 
  preparing 
  his 
  report, 
  1836-42, 
  was 
  known 
  as 
  the 
  

   Walton 
  or 
  Old 
  Crown 
  Point 
  vein 
  [see 
  Emmons's 
  Report 
  on 
  the 
  

   Second 
  District, 
  p. 
  237]. 
  Nevertheless 
  the 
  name 
  Cheever 
  appears 
  

   in 
  Professor 
  Beck's 
  report 
  on 
  the 
  Mineralogy 
  of 
  New 
  York 
  [p. 
  15]. 
  

   The 
  Cheever 
  had 
  been 
  worked 
  for 
  50 
  years 
  when 
  Professor 
  Emmons 
  

   visited 
  it, 
  and 
  this 
  would 
  place 
  its 
  opening 
  at 
  1785-90. 
  The 
  ore 
  

   beds 
  at 
  Mineville 
  were 
  known 
  in 
  1835-40, 
  but 
  the 
  largest 
  of 
  them, 
  

   as 
  now 
  revealed 
  in 
  the 
  "21" 
  mine 
  (so 
  named 
  from 
  the 
  number 
  of 
  

   the 
  old 
  land 
  lot) 
  was 
  first 
  opened 
  in 
  1846. 
  1 
  It 
  is 
  evident 
  that 
  the 
  

   early 
  mining 
  industry 
  was 
  prompted 
  by 
  the 
  call 
  for 
  ore 
  for 
  the 
  

   small 
  blast 
  furnaces 
  which 
  still 
  remain 
  in 
  states 
  of 
  indifferent 
  

   preservation. 
  Plate 
  3 
  is 
  from 
  a 
  photograph 
  of 
  the 
  old 
  Colburn 
  

   furnace 
  which 
  was 
  built 
  in 
  1848, 
  and 
  which 
  still 
  stands 
  about 
  a 
  

   mile 
  west 
  of 
  Moriah 
  Center. 
  Another 
  one 
  is 
  represented 
  by 
  a 
  pile 
  

   of 
  collapsed 
  masonry, 
  at 
  Fletcherville, 
  also 
  called 
  "Seventy 
  five" 
  

   a 
  mile 
  and 
  a 
  half 
  north 
  of 
  Mineville. 
  At 
  Port 
  Henry 
  there 
  was 
  a 
  

   furnace 
  at 
  Cedar 
  Point, 
  even 
  in 
  Professor 
  Emmons's 
  time, 
  and 
  

   this 
  is 
  the 
  site 
  of 
  the 
  large 
  plant 
  now 
  in 
  full 
  blast. 
  Twenty 
  years 
  

   ago 
  there 
  were 
  two 
  other 
  blast 
  furnaces 
  called 
  the 
  Bay 
  State, 
  and 
  

   situated 
  just 
  west 
  of 
  the 
  steamboat 
  dock. 
  The 
  abundant 
  slag 
  

   along 
  the 
  shore 
  at 
  this 
  point 
  came 
  from 
  them, 
  but 
  they 
  have 
  since 
  

   been 
  torn 
  down. 
  

  

  The 
  old 
  bloomeries 
  or 
  forges 
  were 
  located 
  where 
  there 
  was 
  a 
  

   water 
  power 
  sufficient 
  to 
  run 
  the 
  blast 
  and 
  the 
  trip 
  hammer. 
  But 
  

   for 
  25 
  years 
  or 
  so 
  they 
  have 
  been 
  extinct. 
  In 
  their 
  day 
  they 
  con- 
  

   sumed 
  an 
  appreciable 
  fraction 
  of 
  the 
  output 
  of 
  those 
  mines 
  which 
  

   were 
  low 
  in 
  phosphorus 
  and 
  sulfur. 
  The 
  ore 
  was 
  hauled 
  many 
  

   miles 
  to 
  them. 
  By 
  1890, 
  except 
  perhaps 
  at 
  Standish, 
  in 
  Clinton 
  

   county 
  they 
  had 
  practically 
  gone 
  to 
  the 
  scrap, 
  pile. 
  

  

  Topography. 
  Lake 
  Champlain 
  stands 
  at 
  an 
  altitude 
  of 
  almost 
  

   exactly 
  100 
  feet 
  above 
  tide. 
  Over 
  extended 
  areas 
  its 
  bottom 
  is 
  

   well 
  below 
  sea 
  level, 
  and 
  in 
  its 
  deepest 
  parts 
  is 
  more 
  than 
  250 
  feet 
  

   lower 
  than 
  the 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  ocean. 
  Its 
  western 
  or 
  New 
  York 
  

   shore 
  is 
  marked 
  by 
  a 
  series 
  of 
  spurs 
  of 
  the 
  Adirondacks 
  which 
  

   come 
  down 
  to 
  the 
  lake 
  with 
  a 
  northeast 
  trend, 
  and 
  either 
  ending 
  

   abruptly 
  at 
  the 
  water's 
  edge 
  or 
  projecting 
  into 
  the 
  lake 
  itself, 
  

  

  1 
  See 
  Eng. 
  & 
  Min. 
  Jour. 
  May 
  26, 
  1906. 
  

  

  