﻿90 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  50 
  per 
  cent 
  on 
  the 
  average, 
  so 
  that 
  it 
  would 
  be 
  classed 
  as 
  of 
  rich 
  

   grade. 
  The 
  principal 
  impurity 
  is 
  pyrite 
  which 
  seems 
  to 
  be 
  con- 
  

   centrated 
  in 
  narrow 
  bands 
  and 
  is 
  not 
  generally 
  admixed 
  with 
  the 
  

   magnetite. 
  A 
  quantity 
  of 
  the 
  more 
  sulfurous 
  ore 
  has 
  been 
  left 
  on 
  

   the 
  surface 
  near 
  the 
  openings. 
  

  

  ARNQLD 
  HILL 
  AND 
  PALMER 
  HILL 
  MINE 
  GROUP 
  

  

  On 
  the 
  southern 
  border 
  of 
  Clinton 
  county 
  is 
  an 
  old 
  mining 
  dis- 
  

   trict 
  which 
  includes 
  the 
  Arnold 
  hill, 
  Palmer 
  hill 
  and 
  several 
  out- 
  

   lying 
  deposits. 
  The 
  district 
  is 
  easily 
  accessible 
  from 
  Lake 
  Cham- 
  

   plain 
  by 
  the 
  Ausable 
  valley, 
  and 
  was 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  first 
  in 
  the 
  

   Adirondacks 
  to 
  be 
  entered 
  by 
  the 
  early 
  explorers 
  in 
  search 
  of 
  iron 
  

   ores. 
  It 
  has 
  furnished 
  in 
  the 
  aggregate 
  about 
  2,000,000 
  tons 
  of 
  

   furnace 
  and 
  concentrating 
  ores, 
  most 
  of 
  which 
  has 
  been 
  used 
  for 
  

   local 
  iron 
  manufacture. 
  

  

  The 
  mines 
  are 
  all 
  found 
  on 
  the 
  north 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  Ausable 
  river 
  

   within 
  an 
  area 
  some 
  6 
  miles 
  long 
  east 
  and 
  west 
  and 
  reaching 
  about 
  

   half 
  of 
  that 
  distance 
  back 
  from 
  the 
  river. 
  Palmer 
  hill 
  is 
  a 
  knob 
  

   that 
  rises 
  directly 
  from 
  the 
  valley 
  in 
  the 
  western 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  area, 
  

   2 
  miles 
  north 
  of 
  Ausable 
  Forks. 
  The 
  mines 
  lie 
  well 
  up 
  the 
  slope 
  

   and 
  are 
  based 
  on 
  an 
  ore 
  body 
  that 
  outcrops 
  along 
  the 
  southern 
  face. 
  

   Northward 
  the 
  contours 
  merge 
  into 
  a 
  broad 
  ridge 
  of 
  which 
  Jackson 
  

   hill, 
  a 
  slight 
  prominence, 
  has 
  a 
  few 
  openings 
  known 
  as 
  the 
  Jackson 
  

   hill 
  mines. 
  Still 
  farther 
  north, 
  3 
  miles 
  from 
  Palmer 
  hill, 
  are 
  the 
  

   Rutgers 
  and 
  the 
  Dills 
  & 
  Lavake 
  pits 
  that 
  have 
  afforded 
  some 
  ore. 
  

   Arnold 
  hill 
  occupies 
  a 
  central 
  position 
  in 
  the 
  area 
  and 
  is 
  set 
  off 
  

   from 
  the 
  adjacent 
  elevations 
  by 
  the 
  trench 
  of 
  the 
  Little 
  Ausable, 
  

   deep 
  and 
  gorgelike 
  when 
  it 
  passes 
  through 
  the 
  ridge 
  to 
  the 
  north. 
  

   The 
  deposits 
  are 
  mainly 
  near 
  the 
  summit, 
  but 
  they 
  lie 
  also 
  along 
  

   the 
  southern 
  face. 
  On 
  the 
  eastern 
  end 
  is 
  Cook 
  hill 
  with 
  the 
  Cook, 
  

   Mace, 
  Winter 
  and 
  Battie 
  deposits. 
  The 
  Burt 
  pit 
  mentioned 
  by 
  

   Emmons 
  has 
  not 
  been 
  located; 
  apparently 
  it 
  was 
  never 
  worked 
  to 
  

   any 
  extent. 
  At 
  the 
  foot 
  of 
  Palmer 
  hill, 
  across 
  the 
  Clintonville 
  

   road, 
  is 
  an 
  old 
  opening 
  which 
  is 
  now 
  caved, 
  and 
  another 
  called 
  

   the 
  Chalifou 
  occurs 
  south 
  of 
  Arnold 
  hill, 
  near 
  the 
  Little 
  Ausable 
  ; 
  

   both 
  are 
  little 
  more 
  than 
  prospects. 
  The 
  mines 
  are 
  indicated 
  on 
  

   the 
  accompanying 
  map 
  [pi. 
  7] 
  which 
  is 
  reproduced 
  from 
  the 
  Ausable 
  

   sheet 
  of 
  the 
  United 
  States 
  Geological 
  Survey, 
  with 
  a 
  scale 
  of 
  1 
  mile 
  

   to 
  the 
  inch. 
  The 
  mines 
  are: 
  1, 
  Palmer 
  hill 
  group; 
  2, 
  Jackson 
  hill 
  

   group; 
  3, 
  Chalifou; 
  4, 
  Finch; 
  5, 
  Indian; 
  6, 
  Arnold; 
  7 
  Nelson 
  Bush; 
  

   8, 
  Winter; 
  9, 
  Mace; 
  10, 
  Cook 
  mine. 
  

  

  