﻿ADIRONDACK 
  MAGNETIC 
  IRON 
  ORES 
  1 
  53 
  

  

  nation 
  for 
  this 
  may 
  be 
  found 
  possibly 
  in 
  the 
  introduction 
  of 
  the 
  mag- 
  

   netite 
  and 
  ilmenite 
  after 
  the 
  congealing 
  of 
  the 
  walls, 
  the 
  silicates 
  

   representing 
  material 
  that 
  was 
  caught 
  up 
  during 
  the 
  progress 
  of 
  

   the 
  iron 
  magma 
  toward 
  the 
  surface. 
  

  

  Commercial 
  utilization 
  of 
  the 
  titaniferous 
  ores 
  

  

  The 
  use 
  of 
  ores 
  containing 
  high 
  percentages 
  of 
  titanium 
  is 
  gen- 
  

   erally 
  regarded 
  as 
  impracticable 
  under 
  present 
  furnace 
  practice. 
  

   They 
  have 
  been 
  smelted, 
  however, 
  on 
  a 
  small 
  scale 
  in 
  England 
  and 
  

   Sweden, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  in 
  the 
  Adirondacks, 
  under 
  conditions 
  approach- 
  

   ing 
  those 
  of 
  today, 
  but 
  the 
  operations 
  were 
  short-lived 
  and 
  prob- 
  

   ably 
  financially 
  unsuccessful. 
  It 
  has 
  been 
  frequently 
  suggested 
  

   that 
  the 
  difficulties 
  they 
  present 
  in 
  the 
  blast 
  furnace 
  might 
  be 
  over- 
  

   come 
  by 
  adopting 
  some 
  changes 
  either 
  of 
  furnace 
  construction 
  or 
  of 
  

   metallurgical 
  process, 
  but 
  there 
  has 
  been, 
  in 
  the 
  past, 
  very 
  little 
  

   incentive 
  to 
  a 
  practical 
  investigation 
  of 
  the 
  subject. 
  The 
  experi- 
  

   ments 
  by 
  Rossi 
  carried 
  out 
  in 
  1892 
  comprise 
  about 
  all 
  that 
  has 
  been 
  

   done 
  along 
  that 
  line 
  since 
  the 
  early 
  work 
  above 
  mentioned. 
  

  

  The 
  objection 
  to 
  the 
  use 
  of 
  titaniferous 
  ores 
  in 
  the 
  blast 
  furnace 
  

   is 
  based 
  upon 
  the 
  infusibility 
  of 
  their 
  slags. 
  They 
  yield 
  a 
  good 
  

   quality 
  of 
  iron 
  which 
  contains 
  only 
  a 
  slight 
  trace 
  of 
  titanium. 
  This 
  

   element 
  enters 
  mostly 
  into 
  the 
  slag, 
  and 
  with 
  the 
  employment 
  of 
  

   fluxes 
  in 
  ordinary 
  proportions 
  forms 
  a 
  viscous 
  mass 
  that 
  adheres 
  

   to 
  the 
  furnace 
  walls 
  and 
  can 
  not 
  be 
  readily 
  withdrawn, 
  while 
  accu- 
  

   mulations 
  of 
  the 
  infusible 
  nitro-cyanide 
  of 
  titanium 
  also 
  compli- 
  

   cate 
  the 
  operation. 
  Rossi 
  sought 
  to 
  overcome 
  the 
  difficulty 
  by 
  

   proportioning 
  the 
  fluxes 
  (quartz 
  and 
  limestone) 
  so 
  as 
  to 
  obtain 
  

   compounds, 
  mainly 
  multiple-titanates, 
  into 
  which 
  the 
  titanium 
  

   entered 
  as 
  a 
  chemical 
  constituent 
  approximating 
  the 
  structure 
  of 
  

   the 
  more 
  fusible 
  known 
  titanates. 
  By 
  working 
  with 
  a 
  small 
  labora- 
  

   tory 
  furnace, 
  ores 
  running 
  as 
  high 
  as 
  20 
  per 
  cent 
  Ti0 
  2 
  were 
  reduced, 
  

   with 
  a 
  production 
  of 
  pig 
  iron 
  and 
  a 
  fluid 
  of 
  slag. 
  The 
  experiments 
  

   have 
  not 
  been 
  repeated, 
  so 
  far 
  as 
  known, 
  on 
  a 
  commercial 
  scale. 
  

  

  It 
  is 
  not 
  unlikely 
  that 
  a 
  solution 
  of 
  the 
  problem 
  of 
  dealing 
  with 
  

   the 
  ores 
  may 
  be 
  found 
  by 
  reducing 
  the 
  amount 
  of 
  titanium 
  before 
  

   entering 
  the 
  furnace. 
  The 
  small 
  amount 
  of 
  the 
  element 
  found 
  in 
  

   most 
  Adirondack 
  magnetites 
  now 
  mined 
  seems 
  to 
  have 
  no 
  note- 
  

   worthy 
  influence 
  upon 
  the 
  smelting 
  process. 
  Furnaces 
  have 
  been 
  

   run 
  upon 
  ores 
  containing 
  two 
  or 
  three 
  per 
  cent 
  of 
  titanium 
  with- 
  

   out 
  serious 
  trouble, 
  and 
  under 
  special 
  circumstances 
  even 
  larger 
  

   percentages 
  have 
  been 
  handled. 
  There 
  would 
  thus 
  seem 
  to 
  

   some 
  room 
  for 
  adjusting 
  the 
  difficulity, 
  either 
  by 
  mixing 
  the 
  

   with 
  others 
  that 
  are 
  nontitaniferous 
  or 
  by 
  concentration. 
  

  

  