﻿THE 
  MINING 
  AND 
  QUARRY 
  INDUSTRY 
  IOX>7 
  45 
  

  

  ing 
  gas 
  are 
  bottomed 
  in 
  the 
  Trenton, 
  though 
  in 
  many 
  instances 
  

   secondary 
  contributions 
  are 
  deri\-ed 
  from 
  the 
  overlying 
  Utica 
  

   shale. 
  Elsewhere, 
  as 
  in 
  Oneida 
  and 
  Jefferson 
  counties, 
  these 
  

   limestones 
  have 
  not 
  afforded 
  any 
  durable 
  supply. 
  

  

  The 
  next 
  higher 
  horizon 
  of 
  importance 
  is 
  at 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  

   Lower 
  Siluric 
  and 
  includes 
  the 
  Medina 
  sandstone 
  and 
  its 
  eastern 
  

   representative, 
  the 
  Oswego 
  sandstone. 
  The 
  occurrence 
  of 
  pools 
  

   in 
  this 
  formation 
  is 
  of 
  recent 
  discovery, 
  but 
  they 
  now 
  yield 
  a 
  

   very 
  large 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  production. 
  The 
  principal 
  field, 
  opened 
  

   since 
  1890, 
  is 
  in 
  Erie 
  county 
  beginning 
  near 
  Buffalo 
  and 
  extend- 
  

   ing 
  eastward 
  through 
  the 
  towms 
  of 
  Cheektowaga, 
  Amherst, 
  Lan- 
  

   caster, 
  Clarence, 
  Alden 
  and 
  Newstead. 
  A 
  second 
  field 
  occurs 
  

   south 
  of 
  Buffalo 
  between 
  that 
  city 
  and 
  Jewettville. 
  The 
  wells 
  

   at 
  Avon 
  and 
  Caledonia, 
  Livingston 
  co., 
  are 
  said 
  to 
  reach 
  the 
  

   Medina. 
  In 
  the 
  last 
  two 
  years 
  large 
  pools 
  have 
  been 
  encountered 
  

   in 
  what 
  is 
  regarded 
  as 
  the 
  white 
  Medina 
  sandstone 
  in 
  northern 
  

   Chautauqua 
  county, 
  notably 
  at 
  Westfield 
  and 
  Silver 
  Creek. 
  The 
  

   recent 
  discoveries 
  at 
  Pavilion, 
  Genesee 
  co., 
  are 
  likewise 
  reported 
  

   to 
  be 
  in 
  that 
  formation. 
  

  

  The 
  remaining 
  formations 
  of 
  the 
  Lower 
  Siluric 
  are 
  made 
  up 
  

   mostly 
  of 
  shales 
  and 
  limestones. 
  They 
  appear 
  to 
  be 
  relatively 
  

   poor 
  reservoirs 
  for 
  gas. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  Devonic 
  system, 
  practically 
  all 
  of 
  the 
  formations 
  repre- 
  

   sented 
  in 
  western 
  New 
  York 
  have 
  been 
  found 
  to 
  contain 
  gas 
  at 
  

   one 
  or 
  more 
  localities. 
  The 
  most 
  prolific, 
  undoubtedly, 
  are 
  the 
  

   upper 
  members, 
  the 
  Portage 
  and 
  Chemung 
  shales 
  and 
  sand- 
  

   stones. 
  They 
  are 
  tapped 
  by 
  numerous 
  wells 
  in 
  Allegany, 
  Cat- 
  

   taraugus 
  and 
  Chautauqua 
  counties. 
  The 
  principal 
  gas 
  supplies 
  

   are 
  derived 
  from 
  southern 
  Allegany 
  and 
  Cattaraugus 
  counties, 
  

   from 
  the 
  same 
  fields 
  which 
  yield 
  petroleum. 
  Many 
  of 
  the 
  wells 
  

   yield 
  both 
  gas 
  and 
  oil, 
  and 
  a 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  gas 
  is 
  consumed 
  locally 
  

   in 
  operating 
  the 
  oil 
  pumps, 
  while 
  the 
  remainder 
  is 
  run 
  into 
  pipe 
  

   lines 
  for 
  distribution 
  in 
  the 
  neighboring 
  cities 
  and 
  villages. 
  The 
  

   original 
  wells 
  put 
  down 
  in 
  the 
  Lake 
  Shore 
  belt 
  of 
  Chautauqua 
  

   county, 
  at 
  Fredonia, 
  Brocton, 
  Mayville 
  and 
  Ripley 
  seem 
  to 
  have 
  

   found 
  the 
  gas 
  mainly 
  in 
  the 
  Chemung 
  shales. 
  The 
  deeper 
  wells 
  

   that 
  were 
  drilled 
  later 
  encountered 
  reservoirs 
  at 
  different 
  

   horizons 
  below 
  the 
  Chemung, 
  as 
  far 
  down 
  as 
  the 
  Medina. 
  The 
  

   Marcellus 
  and 
  Onondaga 
  formations 
  of 
  the 
  Devonic 
  are 
  con- 
  

   sidered 
  by 
  Bishop 
  1 
  to 
  be 
  the 
  sources 
  of 
  the 
  gas 
  at 
  Gowanda, 
  in 
  

   northern 
  Cattaraugus 
  county. 
  

  

  1 
  Oil 
  and 
  Gas 
  in 
  Southwestern 
  New 
  York. 
  N. 
  Y. 
  State 
  Geol. 
  19th 
  An. 
  Rep't. 
  I90t„ 
  

   p. 
  116. 
  

  

  