﻿THE 
  MIXING 
  AND 
  QUARRY 
  INDUSTRY 
  I907 
  • 
  69 
  

  

  Sandstone 
  

  

  Under 
  the 
  head 
  of 
  sandstone 
  are 
  included 
  the 
  sedimentary 
  

   rocks 
  which 
  consist 
  essentially 
  of 
  quartz 
  grains 
  held 
  together 
  by 
  

   some 
  cementing 
  substance. 
  Among 
  the 
  varieties, 
  distinguished 
  

   mainly 
  by 
  textural 
  features, 
  are 
  sandstones 
  proper, 
  conglomer- 
  

   ates, 
  grits 
  and 
  quartzites. 
  

  

  The 
  wide 
  distribution 
  of 
  sandstones 
  in 
  the 
  geologic 
  series 
  of 
  

   New 
  York 
  State, 
  together 
  with 
  their 
  adaptability 
  to 
  many 
  uses, 
  

   has 
  given 
  them 
  great 
  economic 
  importance, 
  and 
  in 
  value 
  of 
  the 
  

   annual 
  output 
  they 
  rank 
  second 
  only 
  to 
  limestone 
  among 
  the 
  

   quarry 
  materials. 
  Nearly 
  all 
  the 
  formations 
  above 
  the 
  Archean 
  

   contain 
  sandstones 
  at 
  one 
  or 
  more 
  horizons. 
  The 
  kinds 
  chiefly 
  

   quarried 
  in 
  New 
  York 
  are 
  the 
  Potsdam, 
  Hudson 
  River, 
  Medina 
  and 
  

   the 
  Devonic 
  sandstones. 
  A 
  few 
  quarries 
  have 
  been 
  opened 
  also 
  

   in 
  the 
  Shawangunk 
  conglomerate 
  and 
  the 
  Clinton 
  sandstone. 
  

  

  The 
  fine 
  grained 
  evenly 
  bedded 
  strata 
  that 
  occur 
  in 
  the 
  De- 
  

   vonic 
  are 
  popularly 
  known 
  as 
  bluestone, 
  a 
  term 
  first 
  applied 
  to 
  

   them 
  in 
  Ulster 
  county 
  where 
  they 
  are 
  distinguished 
  by 
  a 
  bluish 
  

   gray 
  color. 
  The 
  name, 
  however, 
  no 
  longer 
  has 
  its 
  original 
  sig- 
  

   nificance 
  and 
  is 
  here 
  used 
  generally 
  for 
  the 
  sandstones 
  found 
  

   within 
  the 
  Devonic 
  belt 
  which 
  stretches 
  across 
  the 
  southern 
  part 
  

   of 
  the 
  State. 
  Much 
  of 
  the 
  bluestone 
  possesses 
  the 
  property 
  of 
  

   splitting 
  regularly 
  along 
  planes 
  parallel 
  to 
  the 
  bedding 
  which 
  

   renders 
  the 
  stone 
  specially 
  serviceable 
  for 
  flagging 
  and 
  curbing. 
  

  

  Production 
  of 
  sandstone 
  

  

  The 
  total 
  value 
  of 
  the 
  sandstone 
  quarried 
  in 
  New 
  York 
  last 
  

   year 
  was 
  $1,998,417, 
  or 
  a 
  little 
  more 
  than 
  that 
  for 
  1906 
  which 
  was 
  

   $1,976,829. 
  The 
  production 
  was 
  made 
  in 
  35 
  counties 
  by 
  over 
  400 
  

   individuals 
  and 
  companies. 
  

  

  Classified 
  as 
  to 
  uses 
  the 
  values 
  for 
  1907 
  and 
  1906 
  (in 
  parentheses) 
  

   are 
  divided 
  into: 
  building 
  stone, 
  rough, 
  $220,718 
  ($343,077); 
  

   building 
  stone, 
  dressed, 
  $305,081 
  ($267,472) 
  ; 
  curbing, 
  $599,053 
  

   ($553,085) 
  ; 
  flagging, 
  $45 
  2 
  >°i7 
  ($438,5 
  2 
  6) 
  ; 
  paving 
  blocks, 
  $320,301 
  

   ($282,063) 
  ; 
  crushed 
  stone 
  for 
  roads, 
  $13,799 
  ($ 
  l 
  A&77) 
  \ 
  crushed 
  

   stone 
  for 
  other 
  purposes, 
  $42,019 
  ($36,528) 
  ; 
  rubble, 
  etc., 
  $24,812 
  

   ($11,661) 
  ; 
  all 
  other 
  kinds, 
  $20,617 
  ($ 
  2 
  9>74°)- 
  There 
  was 
  a 
  small 
  

   decrease 
  in 
  the 
  value 
  of 
  building 
  stone; 
  the 
  other 
  materials 
  held 
  

   their 
  own 
  or 
  showed 
  small 
  gains. 
  

  

  The 
  following 
  tables 
  give 
  the 
  value 
  of 
  the 
  production 
  distrib- 
  

   uted 
  among 
  the 
  leading 
  districts 
  of 
  the 
  State. 
  

  

  