﻿IO 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  Niagara 
  gorge 
  where 
  the 
  strata 
  are 
  exposed 
  from 
  the 
  base 
  to 
  the 
  

   top. 
  Five 
  miles 
  farther 
  east 
  the 
  depression 
  occupied 
  by 
  Irondequoit 
  

   bay 
  causes 
  another 
  deflection 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  beds 
  are 
  bent 
  in 
  a 
  long 
  

   loop 
  toward 
  the 
  south. 
  

  

  Beyond 
  Irondequoit 
  bay 
  the 
  basal 
  members 
  of 
  the 
  Clinton 
  spread 
  

   out 
  northward 
  and 
  cross 
  the 
  " 
  Ridge 
  road/' 
  a 
  conspicuous 
  terrace 
  

   which 
  marks 
  the 
  old 
  shore 
  line 
  of 
  the 
  glacial 
  Lake 
  Iroquois. 
  Their 
  

   northerly 
  outcropping 
  edge 
  parallels 
  this 
  shore 
  line, 
  about 
  a 
  mile 
  

   distant, 
  as 
  far 
  as 
  Sodus, 
  Wayne 
  co. 
  Between 
  Sodus 
  and 
  Verona, 
  

   Oneida 
  co., 
  an 
  embayment 
  of 
  Lake 
  Iroquois 
  extended 
  southward 
  

   into 
  the 
  Finger 
  Lake 
  region 
  and 
  the 
  entire 
  Clinton 
  between 
  these 
  

   localities 
  is 
  included 
  within 
  the 
  old 
  lake 
  basin. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  section 
  from 
  Sodus 
  to 
  the 
  Oswego 
  river, 
  drumlins 
  form 
  

   a 
  prominent 
  feature 
  of 
  the 
  topography, 
  whereas 
  to 
  the 
  west 
  they 
  are 
  

   but 
  little 
  developed 
  in 
  the 
  vicinity 
  of 
  the 
  Clinton 
  belt. 
  Their 
  pres- 
  

   ence 
  conditions 
  the 
  great 
  variation 
  in 
  the 
  amount 
  of 
  overburden 
  en- 
  

   countered 
  in 
  this 
  part, 
  which 
  may 
  reach 
  a 
  thickness 
  of 
  ioo 
  feet 
  or 
  

   more. 
  They 
  have 
  the 
  usual 
  elongated 
  oval 
  shape, 
  with 
  the 
  main 
  

   axis 
  parallel 
  to 
  the 
  direction 
  of 
  the 
  ice 
  movement, 
  which 
  was 
  about 
  

   north 
  and 
  south. 
  They 
  attain 
  an 
  average 
  length 
  of 
  a 
  mile, 
  and 
  some 
  

   of 
  the 
  more 
  rounded 
  ones 
  are 
  half 
  that 
  in 
  width. 
  Their 
  distribution 
  

   is 
  irregular, 
  closely 
  set 
  and 
  overlapping 
  at 
  the 
  bases 
  in 
  some 
  places 
  

   and 
  again 
  spreading 
  out 
  so 
  as 
  to 
  leave 
  an 
  intervening 
  stretch 
  of 
  level 
  

   country. 
  There 
  are 
  few 
  exposures 
  of 
  the 
  underlying 
  rocks, 
  chiefly 
  

   along 
  the 
  streams 
  that 
  wind 
  through 
  the 
  connecting 
  depressions. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  Oneida 
  lake 
  region, 
  the 
  Clinton 
  formation 
  crosses 
  a 
  very 
  

   flat 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  Iroquois 
  basin. 
  The 
  surface 
  is 
  composed 
  mostly 
  of 
  

   clays 
  and 
  sands 
  that 
  have 
  been 
  washed 
  over 
  and 
  leveled 
  by 
  wave 
  

   action. 
  The 
  thickness 
  of 
  these 
  materials 
  is 
  inconsiderable, 
  though 
  

   few 
  rock 
  outcrops 
  occur. 
  

  

  After 
  entering 
  Oneida 
  county, 
  the 
  trend 
  of 
  the 
  formation, 
  hitherto 
  

   nearly 
  east 
  and 
  west, 
  bears 
  gradually 
  to 
  the 
  south 
  until 
  it 
  is 
  about 
  

   30 
  south 
  of 
  east. 
  From 
  Verona 
  to 
  Hecla 
  Works, 
  the 
  country 
  is 
  

   still 
  comparatively 
  level, 
  but 
  loses 
  this 
  character 
  as 
  the 
  Mohawk 
  

   river 
  is 
  approached, 
  near 
  which 
  the 
  formation 
  becomes 
  involved 
  in 
  

   the 
  range 
  of 
  hills 
  that 
  limits 
  the 
  valley 
  on 
  the 
  south 
  and 
  merges 
  

   gradually 
  with 
  the 
  higher 
  ranges 
  of 
  the 
  Helderbergs, 
  so 
  as 
  to 
  

   present 
  an 
  uninterrupted 
  highland 
  extending 
  eastward 
  into 
  Albany 
  

   county. 
  

  

  