﻿$6 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  of 
  the 
  gangway. 
  As 
  the 
  ore 
  measures 
  30 
  inches 
  on 
  the 
  average, 
  

   approximately 
  2 
  feet 
  of 
  the 
  overlying 
  shale 
  is 
  taken 
  down 
  for 
  con- 
  

   venience 
  in 
  working. 
  This 
  material 
  is 
  packed 
  some 
  distance 
  behind 
  

   the 
  face 
  for 
  roof 
  support, 
  while 
  between 
  the 
  pack 
  and 
  the 
  face 
  

   wooden 
  posts 
  are 
  placed 
  from 
  5 
  to 
  10 
  feet 
  apart 
  for 
  further 
  security. 
  

   As 
  far 
  as 
  possible 
  the 
  posts 
  are 
  removed 
  with 
  the 
  advance 
  of 
  the 
  

   workings 
  to 
  be 
  again 
  used 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  manner. 
  The 
  bottom 
  of 
  

   the 
  face 
  is 
  taken 
  out 
  first 
  by 
  drilling 
  diagonally 
  from 
  the 
  top 
  of 
  the 
  

   ore 
  bed. 
  Upon 
  blasting 
  the 
  lower 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  ore 
  is 
  loosened 
  

   and 
  taken 
  out, 
  after 
  which 
  horizontal 
  holes 
  are 
  drilled 
  into 
  the 
  

   shale 
  and 
  the 
  upper 
  part, 
  including 
  the 
  remainder 
  of 
  the 
  ore 
  bed, 
  is 
  

   removed. 
  Tracks 
  are 
  laid 
  to 
  the 
  working 
  face 
  and 
  the 
  ore 
  is 
  

   trammed 
  by 
  hand 
  or 
  by 
  mules 
  to 
  the 
  mine 
  dump 
  outside. 
  The 
  soft 
  

   character 
  of 
  the 
  Clinton 
  strata 
  is 
  an 
  advantage 
  in 
  this 
  system 
  of 
  

   working 
  in 
  that 
  it 
  tends 
  to 
  produce 
  a 
  constant 
  and 
  uniform 
  settle- 
  

   ment 
  of 
  the 
  ground 
  with 
  the 
  advance 
  of 
  operations. 
  There 
  is 
  thus 
  

   little 
  or 
  no 
  danger 
  from 
  roof 
  falls. 
  The 
  only 
  drawback 
  seems 
  to 
  

   be 
  that 
  of 
  occasional 
  creeping 
  of 
  the 
  floor 
  in 
  the 
  gangways 
  which 
  

   requires 
  attention 
  from 
  time 
  to 
  time. 
  

  

  The 
  few 
  data 
  bearing 
  upon 
  costs 
  that 
  have 
  been 
  obtained 
  would 
  

   indicate 
  that 
  when 
  the 
  covering 
  does 
  not 
  exceed 
  20 
  feet 
  or 
  so 
  the 
  

   ore 
  can 
  be 
  removed 
  most 
  economically 
  by 
  open 
  cutting. 
  With 
  a 
  2 
  

   foot 
  ore 
  seam, 
  which 
  yields 
  approximately 
  8000 
  gross 
  tons 
  to 
  the 
  

   acre 
  of 
  surface, 
  the 
  cost 
  of 
  stripping 
  and 
  removing 
  the 
  ore 
  under 
  

   ordinary 
  conditions 
  may 
  be 
  placed 
  at 
  about 
  $1.50 
  a 
  ton. 
  It 
  has 
  been 
  

   reported 
  that 
  underground 
  mining 
  has 
  been 
  carried 
  on 
  at 
  Clinton 
  

   for 
  somewhat 
  less, 
  but 
  here 
  the 
  ore 
  is 
  from 
  30 
  to 
  36 
  inches 
  thick. 
  

   Account 
  must 
  be 
  taken 
  also 
  of 
  the 
  expense 
  connected 
  with 
  develop- 
  

   ment 
  work 
  and 
  equipment, 
  which 
  is 
  considerably 
  larger 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  

   of 
  an 
  underground 
  mine 
  than 
  in 
  surface 
  work. 
  

  

  DESCRIPTION 
  OF 
  ORE 
  LOCALITIES 
  AND 
  MINES 
  

  

  Cayuga 
  county 
  

  

  The 
  outcrop 
  of 
  the 
  fossil 
  ore 
  is 
  encountered 
  near 
  Sterling 
  Station 
  

   where 
  mining 
  operations 
  were 
  first 
  instituted 
  about 
  35 
  years 
  ago 
  

   and 
  have 
  recently 
  been 
  revived 
  by 
  the 
  Fair 
  Haven 
  Iron 
  Co. 
  Sterling 
  

   Station 
  lies 
  at 
  the 
  eastern 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  ore 
  belt 
  which 
  stretches 
  across 
  

   Wayne 
  county. 
  East 
  of 
  this 
  point 
  the 
  ore 
  diminishes 
  rapidly 
  and 
  

   within 
  a 
  short 
  distance 
  becomes 
  too 
  thin 
  to 
  be 
  workable. 
  

  

  Fair 
  Haven 
  Iron 
  Co. 
  The 
  property 
  of 
  the 
  Fair 
  Haven 
  Iron 
  

   Co. 
  comprises 
  280 
  acres 
  situated 
  just 
  south 
  of 
  Sterling 
  Station 
  

  

  