﻿IX, B, 3 Musgrave and Sison: Bacillary Dysentery 243 



Among the important contributions in regard to this are 

 those of Hiss and Russel/ Martini and Lentz,® Shiga/ and many 

 others. 



During the past decade it has been shown conclusively that the 

 dysentery group of organisms is world wide in its distribution, 

 that it is the principal cause of epidemic dysentery, "jail" dysen- 

 tery, "camp" dysentery, etc., and that various members of the 

 group are important causative factors in infantile diarrhoea and 

 "ileocolitis." 



The types of organisms and the clinical varieties of the infec- 

 tions are of importance to all students of tropical medicine, and 

 considerable work has been done on the subject in various warm 

 countries. 



THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS 



The influence of these organisms is of special interest to 

 practitioners of medicine and students of pathology in this 

 country. 



Acute colitis was one of the most serious problems which con- 

 fronted the United States Army during its early days in this 

 country. 



The first published work on the subject from the Philippine 

 Islands was an article by Flexner and Barker.* 



The authors who represented the Johns Hopkins University 

 as a commission had ample material in the epidemic of acute 

 dysentery among American soldiers in Manila. They isolated 

 and described an organism very closely allied to the one pre- 

 viously discovered by Shiga in Japan. They considered the 

 bacillus to be the cause of acute dysentery seen in Manila at that 

 time. 



Strong and Musgrave* studied over 1,300 cases (with 271 

 autopsies) of dysentery, principally among American soldiers, 

 and recognized two varieties of the disease: (1) Acute specific 

 bacillary dysentery and (2) amoebic dysentery. From the acute 

 bacillary form of the disease, they isolated an organism which 

 was identical with that of Flexner and Barker and which was 

 shown to be very similar to, if not identical with, the original 



'Med. News (1903), 82-89. 



'Zeitschr. f. Hyg. (1902), 41, 540. 



''This Journal (1906), 1, 485. 



' Phila. Med. Journ. (1906), 6, 414; also, Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 

 (1900), 15, 231. 



'Annual Rep. Surgeon-General U. S. Army for 1900; also Journ. Am. 

 Med. Assoc. (1900), 35, 498. 



