﻿256 



The Philippine Journal of Science 



1314 



Table II. — Results of Widal reactions in 22 cases of clinical typhoid fever, 

 verified by positive blood cultures, by anatomical lesions, or by both. 



No. 



Blood 

 culture. 



Ana- 

 tomical 

 lesions. 



Widal 

 reaction. 



No. 



Blood 

 culture. 



Ana- 

 tomical 

 lesions. 



Widal 

 reaction. 



1 



+ 

 + 





+ 



+ 

 + 

 + 

 H- 

 + 

 + 

 + 

 + 

 + 



12 





4- 



+ 

 + 

 + 

 + 

 + 

 + 



+ 

 + 

 + 

 + 



2 



+ 

 + 



-1- 



13 



-1- 

 + 



3 



14 



+ 

 + 

 + 



4 





15.. . - 



5 



+ 

 + 



16 



6 





17 



-t- 

 + 



7 



+ 



+ 

 + 

 + 



18 



+ 



8 





19 



9 





20 



+ 



+ 



10 





21 



11 



+ 



22 



+ 











Only one Widal test was made upon each of the two negative 

 cases (numbers 2 and 18 of the table). In the first one, the 

 test was made on the fifth day of the disease; in the second 

 case, on the eleventh day. Both patients were adults. It is 

 highly probable that a positive reaction would have been obtained 

 in each of these cases if additional tests had been made. 



In view of the foregoing facts, it seems reasonable to believe 

 that the complete reactions among the healthy adults indicated 

 an antecedent or a coincident infection with Bacillus typhosus. 



The significance of the partial reactions is problematical. 

 Since it is known that the agglutinins which make the Widal 

 reaction possible disappear gradually from the blood, some of 

 these reactions may also have indicated an antecedent or a coin- 

 cident infection with Bacillus typhosus. However, the serum 

 used was not inactivated, hence normal agglutinins may have 

 played an important role in the production of the partial 

 reactions. Furthermore, the possibility of infections with 

 organisms closely allied to B. typhosus must also be considered, 

 for it is commonly known that the agglutinins produced by these 

 bacteria give a positive reaction in low dilutions with Bacillus 

 typhosus. 



Chamberlain^ reported positive Widal reactions (dilution, 1 

 to 50; time, 1 hour) in 9, or 2.9 per cent, of 307 healthy adult 

 Filipinos. In the same paper statistics are submitted which 

 conclusively prove typhoid fever to be a widely distributed and 

 common disease in the Philippines. The records of the Phil- 

 ippine General Hospital for the period July 1, 1911, to June 30, 



'This Journal, Sec. B (1911), 6, 299. 



