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  larv^ae 
  and 
  pupae 
  from 
  the 
  stools 
  of 
  cane 
  after 
  the 
  crop 
  has 
  been 
  

   harvested 
  ; 
  (4) 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  very 
  heavy 
  infestation, 
  the 
  flooding 
  of 
  

   the 
  entire 
  field 
  after 
  the 
  cane 
  is 
  cut. 
  

  

  Much 
  cane 
  is 
  also 
  injured 
  by 
  termites 
  ; 
  they 
  never 
  attack 
  sound 
  

   cane, 
  but 
  as 
  all 
  the 
  cane 
  in 
  Demerara 
  is 
  infested 
  with 
  Diatraca, 
  the 
  

   termites 
  have 
  no 
  difficulty 
  in 
  finding 
  a 
  place 
  of 
  entrance 
  into 
  the 
  

   interior 
  of 
  the 
  stalk. 
  The 
  method 
  of 
  control 
  adopted 
  consists 
  of 
  carry- 
  

   ing 
  the 
  nests 
  away 
  and 
  burning 
  them. 
  The 
  sugar-cane 
  mealy 
  bug 
  

   {Pseiidococcus 
  calceolariae, 
  Mask.), 
  was 
  moderately 
  abundant, 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  

   not 
  considered 
  a 
  serious 
  pest 
  ; 
  it 
  is 
  kept 
  in 
  check 
  by 
  a 
  predaceous 
  

   beetle, 
  the 
  name 
  of 
  which 
  has 
  not 
  been 
  determined.* 
  [See 
  this 
  Revieiv, 
  

   Ser. 
  A, 
  i, 
  p. 
  521.] 
  

  

  In 
  Trinidad 
  the 
  most 
  injurious 
  pest 
  is 
  not 
  Diatniea, 
  as 
  it 
  is 
  in 
  practi- 
  

   cally 
  all 
  other 
  sugar-producing 
  countries 
  of 
  the 
  West 
  Indies, 
  but 
  a 
  

   froghopper 
  {Tomasjns 
  varia, 
  F. 
  [saccharina, 
  Dist.]). 
  It 
  passes 
  through 
  

   its 
  larval 
  stages 
  underground, 
  feeding 
  upon 
  the 
  roots 
  of 
  cane, 
  grass 
  

   and 
  weeds 
  ; 
  the 
  adult 
  sucks 
  juice 
  from 
  the 
  leaves 
  and 
  stalk 
  of 
  the 
  cane, 
  

   but 
  produces 
  no 
  serious 
  injury.f 
  Despite 
  the 
  small 
  size 
  of 
  the 
  nymphs, 
  

   the 
  enormous 
  numbers 
  in 
  which 
  they 
  appear 
  on 
  the 
  roots 
  of 
  the 
  cane, 
  

   either 
  kill 
  the 
  cane 
  outright, 
  or 
  so 
  stunt 
  the 
  growth 
  that 
  the 
  crop 
  is 
  

   worthless. 
  The 
  control 
  of 
  this 
  pest 
  is 
  rendered 
  the 
  more 
  difficult 
  

   because 
  of 
  the 
  lack 
  of 
  vulnerable 
  places 
  in 
  its 
  life-history. 
  As 
  all 
  

   ordinary 
  methods 
  of 
  control 
  are 
  impracticable 
  a 
  novel 
  plan 
  of 
  cam- 
  

   paign 
  has 
  been 
  adopted. 
  This 
  depends 
  on 
  the 
  circumstance 
  that 
  the 
  

   fungus 
  Metarrhizuon 
  anisopliae, 
  Sorokin, 
  produces 
  a 
  fatal 
  disease 
  

   among 
  froghoppers 
  called 
  Green 
  Muscardine. 
  Planters 
  cultivate 
  

   this 
  fungus, 
  and 
  at 
  certain 
  seasons 
  dust 
  its 
  spores 
  over 
  the 
  entire 
  

   fields 
  ; 
  although 
  this 
  method 
  is 
  of 
  too 
  recent 
  origin 
  to 
  have 
  borne 
  the 
  

   test 
  of 
  time, 
  it 
  is 
  already 
  stated 
  that 
  in 
  one 
  examination 
  made 
  by 
  Mr. 
  

   Urich, 
  where 
  spores 
  had 
  been 
  applied 
  early, 
  at 
  least 
  95 
  per 
  cent, 
  of 
  

   the 
  nymphs 
  in 
  the 
  stool 
  of 
  the 
  cane 
  were 
  found 
  dead 
  and 
  covered 
  with 
  

   the 
  characteristic 
  spore-masses 
  of 
  Metarrhizium. 
  Castolus 
  plagiati- 
  

   collis, 
  an 
  efficient 
  predator 
  on 
  the 
  adult 
  froghopper, 
  has 
  been 
  imported 
  

   from 
  Mexico. 
  Two 
  Chalcidid 
  parasites 
  have 
  been 
  bred 
  by 
  Mr. 
  Guppy, 
  

   Mr. 
  Urich' 
  s 
  assistant. 
  Castnia 
  licus 
  does 
  great 
  injury 
  to 
  canes 
  in 
  

   Trinidad. 
  The 
  only 
  practicable 
  method 
  of 
  control 
  is 
  the 
  catching 
  of 
  

   the 
  adults 
  with 
  butterfly 
  nets 
  ; 
  this 
  has 
  produced 
  good 
  results. 
  Among 
  

   the 
  more 
  important 
  minor 
  pests 
  are 
  the 
  weevil 
  stalk-borer 
  (Metamasius 
  

   hemipterus, 
  var. 
  decoloratus, 
  Gyl.), 
  the 
  " 
  gru-gru 
  " 
  worm 
  {Rhyncophorus 
  

   palmarum, 
  L.) 
  and 
  the 
  sugar-cane 
  mealy 
  bug 
  (Pseudococcus 
  calceolariae, 
  

   Mask.) 
  

  

  In 
  Barbados 
  the 
  froghopper 
  and 
  the 
  larger 
  moth-borer 
  are 
  absent, 
  

   but 
  otherwise 
  the 
  insect 
  pests 
  are 
  similar. 
  Diatraea 
  does 
  an 
  enor- 
  

   mous 
  amount 
  of 
  injury 
  ; 
  both 
  kinds 
  of 
  the 
  sugar-cane 
  mealy 
  bugs 
  

   {Pseudococcus 
  calceolariae, 
  Mask., 
  and 
  P. 
  sacchari, 
  Ckll.)are 
  abundant. 
  

   Delphax 
  saccharivora, 
  Westw., 
  the 
  sugar-cane 
  leaf 
  hopper, 
  and 
  Metama- 
  

   sius 
  hemipterus, 
  L., 
  the 
  weevil 
  stalk-borer, 
  also 
  do 
  considerable 
  damage. 
  

   With 
  the 
  exception 
  of 
  Diatraea, 
  however, 
  all 
  these 
  are 
  minor 
  pests 
  in 
  

  

  *[Specimens 
  of 
  this 
  Coccinellid, 
  sent 
  by 
  Mr. 
  G. 
  E. 
  Bodkin, 
  from 
  Demerara, 
  

   and 
  by 
  Mr. 
  J. 
  R. 
  Bo 
  veil, 
  from 
  Barbados, 
  have 
  now 
  been 
  identified 
  as 
  

   Hyperaspis 
  trilineata, 
  Muls. 
  — 
  Ed.] 
  

  

  t[This 
  view 
  is 
  disputed 
  by 
  Mr. 
  J. 
  C. 
  Kershaw, 
  who 
  has 
  just 
  devoted 
  

   a 
  year 
  to 
  the 
  special 
  study 
  of 
  this 
  insect. 
  — 
  Ed.] 
  

  

  