﻿45 
  

  

  noticed 
  on 
  vine 
  for 
  the 
  first 
  time 
  in 
  the 
  Government, 
  though 
  known 
  

   previously 
  in 
  Bessarabia. 
  Phytoptus 
  pyn, 
  Sor., 
  has 
  done 
  substantial 
  

   damage 
  in 
  some 
  localities, 
  and 
  occurred 
  in 
  considerable 
  numbers. 
  

   The 
  following 
  forest 
  pests 
  are 
  reported. 
  On 
  oaks, 
  two 
  species 
  of 
  the 
  

   genus 
  Haltica 
  appeared 
  in 
  some 
  localities, 
  the 
  most 
  serious 
  damage 
  

   being 
  done 
  to 
  single 
  trees 
  and 
  small 
  scattered 
  groups 
  of 
  trees 
  on 
  pasture 
  

   land 
  ; 
  oaks 
  in 
  enclosures, 
  where 
  no 
  grazing 
  took 
  place, 
  suffered 
  less, 
  

   or 
  not 
  at 
  all. 
  Leaves 
  of 
  elm 
  trees 
  were 
  injured 
  by 
  Galeruca 
  xantho- 
  

   inelaena, 
  Schr. 
  Claudius 
  viminalis, 
  Fall., 
  were 
  found 
  on 
  poplars 
  in 
  

   Cherson, 
  there 
  being 
  evidently 
  two 
  generations 
  of 
  the 
  pest 
  in 
  the 
  

   Government. 
  

  

  Larvae 
  of 
  Cimhex 
  amerinae, 
  L., 
  or 
  a 
  similar 
  species, 
  were 
  noticed 
  on 
  

   Salix 
  acutifolia, 
  W., 
  on 
  the 
  sands 
  in 
  the 
  valley 
  of 
  the 
  river 
  Dnieper 
  ; 
  

   the 
  leaves 
  were 
  sometimes 
  totally 
  devoured, 
  only 
  the 
  veins 
  remaining. 
  

   Lecanium 
  robinarium, 
  Dough, 
  is 
  increasing 
  in 
  the 
  Government 
  ; 
  in 
  

   the 
  year 
  under 
  report 
  they 
  w^ere 
  found 
  on 
  Coryliis 
  avellana, 
  and 
  on 
  

   maples 
  in 
  some 
  localities. 
  

  

  Webster 
  (F. 
  M.) 
  &; 
  Parks 
  (T. 
  H.). 
  The 
  Serpentine 
  Leaf-Miner.— 
  

  

  Jl. 
  Agric. 
  Research, 
  Washington, 
  i, 
  no. 
  1, 
  Oct. 
  1913, 
  pp. 
  59-87, 
  

   17 
  figs., 
  1 
  pi. 
  

  

  The 
  serpentine 
  leaf-miner 
  is 
  the 
  larva 
  of 
  Agromyza 
  pusilla, 
  Mg., 
  a 
  

   minute 
  yellow 
  and 
  black 
  fly, 
  which 
  is 
  common 
  in 
  alfalfa 
  fields 
  during 
  

   the 
  summer 
  ; 
  it 
  has 
  a 
  wide 
  range 
  of 
  food-plants, 
  and 
  is 
  generally 
  dis- 
  

   tributed 
  over 
  the 
  United 
  States. 
  Outside 
  the 
  United 
  States 
  the 
  

   species 
  has 
  been 
  found 
  in 
  central 
  and 
  northern 
  Europe, 
  Italy, 
  Sicily, 
  

   and 
  Egypt. 
  

  

  The 
  larvae 
  injure 
  the 
  foliage 
  of 
  the 
  plant 
  by 
  devouring 
  the 
  paren- 
  

   chyma 
  of 
  the 
  leaf 
  ; 
  leaves 
  of 
  white 
  clover 
  and 
  of 
  young 
  alfalfa 
  often 
  

   having 
  the 
  entire 
  cellular 
  tissue 
  devoured, 
  leaving 
  only 
  the 
  two 
  mem- 
  

   branes. 
  Usually 
  only 
  one 
  larva 
  is 
  present 
  in 
  each 
  leaf. 
  The 
  injury 
  

   is 
  greatest 
  in 
  the 
  south-western 
  States, 
  where 
  the 
  discoloured 
  leaves 
  

   are 
  sometimes 
  present 
  in 
  sufficient 
  numbers 
  to 
  lower 
  materially 
  the 
  

   quaUty 
  of 
  the 
  hay. 
  The 
  injured 
  leaves 
  can 
  be 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  fields 
  from 
  

   May 
  until 
  November, 
  the 
  larvae 
  continuing 
  to 
  feed 
  until 
  the 
  frosts 
  ; 
  

   in 
  Florida 
  the 
  larvae 
  feed 
  throughout 
  the 
  winter, 
  but 
  usually 
  the 
  

   insect 
  hibernates 
  in 
  the 
  puparia 
  beneath 
  the 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  soil 
  at 
  the 
  

   base 
  of 
  the 
  plants. 
  There 
  are 
  five 
  or 
  six 
  generations 
  in 
  lat. 
  41°, 
  the 
  

   number 
  varying 
  with 
  the 
  length 
  of 
  the 
  growing 
  season. 
  The 
  genera- 
  

   tions 
  overlap 
  to 
  such 
  an 
  extent 
  that 
  all 
  stages 
  can 
  be 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  

   fields 
  during 
  most 
  of 
  the 
  season. 
  During 
  the 
  period 
  of 
  highest 
  tem- 
  

   perature 
  in 
  summer, 
  the 
  larvae 
  are 
  usually 
  found 
  infesting 
  plants 
  

   protected 
  from 
  the 
  direct 
  rays 
  of 
  the 
  sun 
  ; 
  in 
  the 
  south-west 
  the 
  

   insect 
  almost 
  completely 
  disappears 
  from 
  the 
  fields 
  at 
  this 
  time, 
  

   reappearing 
  in 
  September. 
  

  

  The 
  eggs 
  are 
  deposited 
  in 
  the 
  leaf 
  tissue, 
  and 
  are 
  inserted 
  in 
  punc- 
  

   tures 
  identical 
  with 
  those 
  made 
  by 
  the 
  adult 
  in 
  feeding 
  ; 
  the 
  eggs 
  

   take 
  4 
  days 
  to 
  hatch 
  in 
  June, 
  the 
  larval 
  period 
  being 
  then 
  4 
  days. 
  

   In 
  the 
  eastern 
  States 
  pupation 
  occurs 
  entirely 
  in 
  the 
  soil 
  ; 
  in 
  the 
  more 
  

  

  