﻿4G 
  

  

  arid 
  western 
  States 
  it 
  takes 
  place 
  usually 
  in 
  the 
  larval 
  chambers 
  in 
  

   the 
  leaf 
  ; 
  the 
  pupal 
  period 
  in 
  June 
  is 
  10 
  days. 
  The 
  average 
  period 
  

   of 
  the 
  complete 
  life-cycle 
  is 
  23 
  days. 
  

  

  Besides 
  alfalfa, 
  clover, 
  cowpeas, 
  rape 
  and 
  cotton 
  are 
  subject 
  to 
  

   attack. 
  A 
  few 
  nearly-related 
  and 
  very 
  similar 
  leaf-miners 
  are 
  known 
  

   to 
  attack 
  timothy, 
  wheat, 
  oats 
  and 
  grasses 
  ; 
  when 
  these 
  crops 
  are 
  

   affected, 
  the 
  mine 
  usually 
  extends 
  the 
  entire 
  width 
  of 
  the 
  leaf, 
  and 
  

   may 
  kill 
  the 
  plant 
  if 
  it 
  is 
  very 
  young. 
  

  

  Numerous 
  parasitic 
  insects 
  attack 
  and 
  consume 
  the 
  larvae 
  and 
  

   pupae 
  within 
  their 
  mines 
  ; 
  these 
  are 
  highly 
  efficient 
  and 
  keep 
  the 
  

   insect 
  under 
  control. 
  The 
  following 
  is 
  a 
  list 
  of 
  these 
  parasites 
  : 
  — 
  ■ 
  

   Diaulinus 
  begini, 
  Ashm., 
  D. 
  websteri, 
  Cwfd., 
  Chrysocharis 
  ainsliei, 
  

   Cwfd., 
  C. 
  parksi, 
  Cwfd., 
  Derostenus 
  arizonensis, 
  Cwfd., 
  D. 
  diastatae, 
  

   How., 
  D. 
  punctiventris, 
  Cwfd., 
  D. 
  pictipes, 
  Cwfd., 
  D. 
  varipes, 
  Cwfd,. 
  

   Diaulinopsis 
  callichroma, 
  Cwfd., 
  Cirrospilus 
  flavoviridis, 
  Cwfd., 
  Zagram- 
  

   mosoma 
  multilineata, 
  Ashm., 
  Closterocerus 
  utahensis, 
  Cwfd., 
  Pleurotropis 
  

   rugosithorax, 
  Cwfd. 
  , 
  Eucoilahunteri, 
  Cwfd. 
  , 
  Sympiesis 
  sp. 
  , 
  Pteromalus 
  sp. 
  , 
  

   Cirrospilus 
  sp., 
  Diaulinopsis 
  sp., 
  and 
  a 
  species 
  of 
  Entedoninae. 
  

   Braconid 
  parasites 
  include 
  Opius 
  agromyzae, 
  Vier., 
  0. 
  aridus, 
  Gahan, 
  

   0. 
  brunneipes, 
  Cahan, 
  and 
  0. 
  suturalis, 
  Gahan. 
  The 
  following 
  are 
  

   predaceous 
  upon 
  the 
  serpentine 
  leaf-miner 
  : 
  Triphleps 
  sp., 
  and 
  Ery- 
  

   thraeus 
  sp. 
  Most 
  of 
  these 
  parasites 
  are 
  functional 
  in 
  the 
  control 
  of 
  

   more 
  than 
  one 
  species 
  of 
  leaf-miner, 
  and 
  are 
  very 
  widely 
  distributed. 
  

  

  Frequent 
  cutting 
  of 
  alfalfa 
  kills 
  the 
  larvae 
  in 
  the 
  leaves, 
  and 
  does 
  

   much 
  to 
  protect 
  this 
  crop 
  ; 
  this 
  method 
  should 
  be 
  followed 
  where 
  the 
  

   injury 
  becomes 
  serious. 
  Deep 
  autumn 
  or 
  winter 
  ploughing 
  is 
  advo- 
  

   cated 
  for 
  annual 
  forage 
  crops 
  and 
  cereals, 
  in 
  order 
  to 
  bury 
  deeply 
  the 
  

   hibernating 
  puparia 
  located 
  near 
  the 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  ground. 
  

  

  De 
  Charmoy 
  (D. 
  d'E.). 
  Summary 
  of 
  investigations 
  on 
  Insect 
  Pests 
  

   during 
  the 
  three 
  months, 
  May-July, 
  1913. 
  — 
  Mauritius 
  Dept. 
  of 
  

   Agric, 
  Div. 
  Entom., 
  27th 
  July 
  1913, 
  2 
  pp. 
  

  

  The 
  sugar-cane 
  leaf 
  aphis 
  {Aphis 
  sacchari). 
  By 
  the 
  middle 
  of 
  June 
  

   fields 
  severely 
  infested 
  by 
  these 
  plant-lice 
  were 
  noticed 
  on 
  two 
  

   plantations. 
  As 
  predaceous 
  insects, 
  such 
  as 
  Syephidae 
  and 
  Coccin- 
  

   ELLiDAE 
  were 
  found 
  at 
  work, 
  no 
  remedy 
  was 
  suggested. 
  A 
  fortnight 
  

   later 
  the 
  pest 
  was 
  found 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  completely 
  checked 
  by 
  a 
  fungus 
  

   disease, 
  and 
  the 
  plants 
  were 
  rapidly 
  recovering. 
  

  

  In 
  June 
  the 
  manager 
  of 
  the 
  Bassin 
  Estate 
  found 
  White 
  Tannas 
  

   diseased. 
  These 
  were 
  uprooted, 
  and 
  the 
  damage 
  was 
  found 
  to 
  be 
  due 
  

   to 
  " 
  moutoucs 
  " 
  (Oryctes 
  and 
  Lachnosterna 
  larvae). 
  The 
  larvae 
  were 
  

   dug 
  out, 
  and 
  with 
  them 
  a 
  certain 
  number 
  of 
  Scolia 
  rufa, 
  which 
  were 
  

   proved 
  to 
  be 
  parasites 
  of 
  the 
  Oryctes 
  larvae. 
  

  

  Chionaspis 
  tegalensis. 
  Samples 
  of 
  sugar-cane 
  received 
  from 
  Indus- 
  

   try 
  Estate, 
  Long 
  Mountain, 
  were 
  found 
  heavily 
  infected 
  with 
  this 
  

   scale-insect, 
  and 
  about 
  five 
  acres 
  of 
  another 
  plantation 
  were 
  entirely 
  

   covered 
  with 
  this 
  pest. 
  Early 
  cropping 
  and 
  burning 
  of 
  the 
  canes 
  

   before 
  cutting 
  have 
  been 
  suggested 
  as 
  a 
  means 
  of 
  getting 
  rid 
  of 
  the 
  insect. 
  

  

  The 
  sugar-cane 
  white 
  louse 
  {Pseudococcus 
  calceolariae 
  var. 
  sacchari). 
  

   Young 
  virgin 
  canes 
  were 
  found 
  suffering 
  from 
  this 
  scale-insect, 
  which 
  

   was 
  attacking 
  the 
  roots, 
  this 
  being 
  due 
  to 
  infested 
  cuttings 
  not 
  having 
  

  

  