﻿49 
  

  

  {Laphygma 
  frugiperda, 
  S. 
  and 
  A.), 
  the 
  larvae 
  of 
  which 
  eat 
  leaves 
  of 
  

   young 
  cane. 
  A 
  Braconid, 
  Chehnus 
  insularis, 
  Cress. 
  (?) 
  ; 
  the 
  Tachi- 
  

   nid 
  flies, 
  Frontina 
  archippivora, 
  Will., 
  Gonia 
  crassicornis, 
  F., 
  and 
  Arcliy- 
  

   tas 
  piliventris, 
  Wulp 
  ; 
  a 
  Carabid 
  beetle, 
  Calosoma 
  alternans, 
  F. 
  ; 
  the 
  

   fungi, 
  Botrytes 
  sp. 
  and 
  Empusa 
  sp., 
  and 
  the 
  blackbirds 
  are 
  natural 
  

   enemies 
  ; 
  (8) 
  the 
  grass-looper 
  (Eemigia 
  repanda, 
  F.), 
  the 
  larva 
  of 
  

   which 
  eats 
  leaves 
  of 
  young 
  cane, 
  the 
  natural 
  enemies 
  being 
  Tachinid 
  

   flies 
  and 
  a 
  Carabid 
  beetle, 
  Calosoma 
  alternans, 
  F. 
  ; 
  (9) 
  the 
  West 
  Indian 
  

   sugar-cane 
  leaf-hopper 
  {Delphax 
  saccharivora) 
  feeds 
  on 
  leaves 
  and 
  

   stalks 
  of 
  young 
  cane 
  ; 
  its 
  natural 
  enemies 
  are 
  : 
  a 
  Mymarid, 
  a 
  Dryinid 
  

   and 
  a 
  Stylops 
  ; 
  (10) 
  the 
  sugar-cane 
  Aphid 
  (Sipha 
  graminis, 
  Kit.) 
  feeds 
  

   on 
  the 
  leaves 
  ; 
  its 
  enemies 
  are 
  : 
  a 
  Syrphid 
  fly, 
  Ocyptamus 
  sp. 
  ; 
  lady- 
  

   bird 
  beetles, 
  Cycloneda 
  sanguinea, 
  L., 
  Megilla 
  innotata, 
  Muls., 
  Scymnus 
  

   loewii, 
  Muls., 
  >S. 
  roseicollis, 
  Muls. 
  ; 
  a 
  lace- 
  wing 
  fly 
  ; 
  a 
  fungus, 
  Acrostal- 
  

   agmus 
  sp. 
  ; 
  (11) 
  the 
  hard-back 
  or 
  black 
  night-beetle 
  (Ligyrus 
  tumu- 
  

   losus, 
  Burm.), 
  the 
  larva 
  of 
  which 
  is 
  found 
  at 
  the 
  roots, 
  and 
  is 
  attacked 
  

   by 
  a 
  wasp, 
  Campsoineris 
  dorsata, 
  F. 
  ; 
  (12) 
  the 
  w^eevil 
  stalk-borer 
  

   (Metamasius 
  hemipterus, 
  L.), 
  follows 
  disease 
  or 
  other 
  injury, 
  infesting 
  

   both 
  stalks 
  of 
  growing 
  cane 
  and 
  seed 
  cane; 
  no 
  enemies 
  have 
  been 
  

   observed 
  ; 
  (13) 
  the 
  shot-hole 
  stalk-borer 
  (Xyleborus 
  sp.) 
  follows 
  dis- 
  

   ease, 
  usually 
  the 
  rind 
  disease 
  {Melanconium 
  sacchari), 
  in 
  the 
  stalks 
  and 
  

   seed 
  cane 
  ; 
  no 
  enemies 
  have 
  been 
  observed 
  ; 
  (14) 
  the 
  grass-worm 
  

   (Cirphis 
  latiuscula, 
  H. 
  S.), 
  eats 
  young 
  leaves 
  ; 
  a 
  Braconid 
  (undeter- 
  

   mined) 
  and 
  the 
  blackbirds 
  are 
  natural 
  enemies 
  ; 
  (15) 
  a 
  Skipper 
  {Prenes 
  

   new, 
  F.), 
  whose 
  larva 
  eats 
  young 
  leaves 
  ; 
  it 
  is 
  parasitised 
  by 
  a 
  Braconid 
  ; 
  

   (16) 
  the 
  scale-insect, 
  Targionia 
  sacchari, 
  CklL, 
  parasitised 
  by 
  a 
  Chal- 
  

   cidid 
  ; 
  (17) 
  the 
  green 
  Diabrotica 
  {Diabrotica 
  graminea, 
  Baly), 
  the 
  

   adults 
  of 
  which 
  feed 
  on 
  the 
  leaves 
  to 
  a 
  slight 
  extent; 
  the 
  habits 
  of 
  

   the 
  larva 
  are 
  not 
  known 
  ; 
  no 
  enemies 
  have 
  been 
  observed 
  ; 
  (18) 
  a 
  

   termite 
  (Eutermes 
  morio, 
  Lath.), 
  attacks 
  the 
  seed 
  and 
  does 
  not 
  appear 
  

   to 
  have 
  any 
  enemy 
  ; 
  (19) 
  an 
  undetermined 
  Tineid, 
  attacks 
  the 
  base 
  

   of 
  young 
  shoots 
  and 
  eyes 
  ; 
  no 
  enemy 
  has 
  been 
  observed 
  ; 
  (20) 
  mites 
  

   have 
  been 
  observed 
  to 
  feed 
  upon 
  the 
  stalks 
  beneath 
  the 
  leaf-sheath 
  

   and 
  upon 
  the 
  leaves 
  ; 
  no 
  natural 
  enemies 
  observed. 
  

  

  An 
  extensive 
  bibhography 
  of 
  41 
  works, 
  containing 
  papers 
  on 
  Porto 
  

   Rico 
  sugar-cane 
  insects 
  follows. 
  From 
  this 
  list 
  the 
  author 
  gives 
  a 
  

   general 
  summary, 
  referring 
  to 
  the 
  injurious 
  species 
  according 
  to 
  the 
  

   part 
  of 
  the 
  plant 
  they 
  affect. 
  

  

  It 
  was 
  in 
  1910 
  that 
  the 
  larvae 
  of 
  the 
  so-called 
  Rhinoceros 
  beetles 
  

   were 
  discovered, 
  and 
  in 
  1911 
  about 
  15 
  acres 
  of 
  cane 
  were 
  found 
  in- 
  

   fested 
  to 
  a 
  serious 
  extent 
  by 
  them. 
  Thus 
  far 
  the 
  insect 
  has 
  been 
  

   observed 
  breeding 
  at 
  the 
  roots 
  of 
  cane 
  only 
  on 
  the 
  south 
  coast 
  of 
  the 
  

   island 
  ; 
  it 
  is 
  also 
  found 
  in 
  old 
  wood 
  in 
  the 
  forest. 
  The 
  grubs 
  are 
  eaten 
  

   by 
  the 
  blackbirds 
  at 
  ploughing 
  time, 
  and 
  the 
  local 
  form 
  of 
  the 
  para- 
  

   sitic 
  fungus, 
  Metarrhizium 
  anisopliae, 
  also 
  attacks 
  them. 
  The 
  plan- 
  

   tation 
  practice 
  of 
  planting 
  cane 
  by 
  opening 
  up 
  new 
  furrows 
  between 
  

   the 
  old 
  rows 
  without 
  first 
  ploughing 
  out 
  the 
  old 
  stubble, 
  greatly 
  favours 
  

   the 
  development 
  of 
  the 
  grub 
  of 
  the 
  Rhinoceros 
  beetle, 
  and 
  of 
  the 
  

   white 
  grub 
  of 
  the 
  May-beetle. 
  The 
  old 
  stubble 
  should 
  be 
  thrown 
  out, 
  

   as 
  then 
  the 
  blackbirds 
  are 
  able 
  to 
  feed 
  upon 
  the 
  grubs, 
  and 
  the 
  latter 
  

   may 
  also 
  be 
  picked 
  up 
  and 
  destroyed. 
  It 
  seems 
  probable 
  that 
  this 
  

   Rhinoceros 
  beetle 
  is 
  a 
  species 
  recorded 
  under 
  the 
  name 
  of 
  Strategus 
  

   titanus 
  from 
  the 
  islands 
  of 
  St. 
  Croix 
  and 
  Jamaica, 
  as 
  a 
  pest 
  of 
  the 
  

  

  (Cl.) 
  D 
  

  

  