﻿51 
  

  

  attributed 
  to 
  the 
  latter 
  pests 
  is 
  really 
  done 
  by 
  them. 
  He 
  obtained 
  

   this 
  year, 
  some 
  larvae 
  from 
  the 
  Zemstvo 
  of 
  Saratov, 
  which 
  have 
  

   damaged 
  sunflowers, 
  and 
  from 
  them 
  he 
  reared 
  some 
  0. 
  sabulosum, 
  the 
  

   remaining 
  larvae 
  producing 
  A. 
  lineatus, 
  and 
  another 
  unidentified 
  

   beetle. 
  In 
  the 
  same 
  way 
  he 
  obtained 
  an 
  imago 
  of 
  0. 
  sabulosum 
  from 
  

   some 
  larvae 
  which 
  were 
  damaging 
  lemons 
  in 
  the 
  Government 
  of 
  

   Astrachan. 
  

  

  These 
  insects 
  live 
  during 
  the 
  whole 
  summer, 
  often 
  hiding 
  under- 
  

   neath 
  stones 
  or 
  dry 
  cattle-dung 
  ; 
  they 
  are 
  found 
  in 
  large 
  numbers 
  in 
  

   both 
  the 
  above 
  Governments, 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  opinion 
  of 
  the 
  author, 
  about 
  

   90 
  per 
  cent, 
  of 
  the 
  damage 
  to 
  "bachza" 
  plants 
  in 
  Astrachan, 
  usually 
  

   attributed 
  to 
  the 
  larvae 
  of 
  A. 
  lineatus 
  , 
  is 
  really 
  done 
  by 
  the 
  former 
  

   pest 
  when 
  the 
  larvae 
  of 
  Euxoa 
  segetum 
  are 
  absent. 
  

  

  The 
  author 
  describes 
  the 
  larva, 
  pupa 
  and 
  imago 
  of 
  the 
  Opatrum. 
  

   As 
  to 
  remedies, 
  further 
  investigations 
  will, 
  he 
  says, 
  be 
  necessary. 
  

  

  VosTRiKOV 
  (P.). 
  Kopotflbl 
  [Bark 
  Beetles.] 
  — 
  Orchard, 
  Market-Garden 
  

   and 
  Bachza, 
  Feb. 
  1913, 
  pp. 
  40-41. 
  

  

  The 
  habits 
  of 
  Eccoptogaster 
  rugulosus, 
  Eatz., 
  and 
  E. 
  mali, 
  Bechst., 
  

   are 
  very 
  similar, 
  and 
  both 
  injure 
  mostly 
  cherry 
  trees 
  and 
  plum 
  trees, 
  

   but 
  also 
  apple, 
  pear, 
  apricot, 
  etc. 
  There 
  are 
  two 
  generations 
  ; 
  the 
  

   first 
  occurring 
  from 
  the 
  first 
  half 
  of 
  May 
  till 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  July, 
  the 
  second 
  

   from 
  July 
  till 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  summer. 
  The 
  control 
  of 
  the 
  insects 
  is 
  not 
  

   an 
  easy 
  matter, 
  the 
  part 
  played 
  by 
  parasites 
  being 
  minimal, 
  and 
  

   insecticides 
  being 
  of 
  little 
  avail. 
  As 
  preventive 
  remedies, 
  the 
  author 
  

   recommends 
  smearing 
  over 
  the 
  trunks 
  of 
  trees 
  early 
  in 
  spring, 
  before 
  

   the 
  opening 
  of 
  the 
  buds, 
  with 
  3 
  per 
  cent, 
  solution 
  of 
  iron-sulphate, 
  or 
  

   with 
  a 
  mixture 
  of 
  milk 
  of 
  lime 
  with 
  iron 
  sulphate 
  (1 
  lb. 
  of 
  the 
  latter 
  in 
  

   about 
  2*7 
  gallons 
  of 
  water). 
  As 
  to 
  destructive 
  remedies, 
  the 
  cutting 
  

   in 
  spring 
  of 
  those 
  branches 
  which 
  have 
  no 
  leaves, 
  the 
  cutting 
  out 
  of 
  

   the 
  larvae 
  from 
  the 
  trunks 
  in 
  May 
  and 
  June, 
  smearing 
  over 
  the 
  wounds 
  

   with 
  lime 
  and 
  clay, 
  or 
  with 
  garden 
  tar, 
  are 
  recommended. 
  It 
  is 
  also 
  

   useful 
  to 
  plug 
  the 
  openings 
  on 
  the 
  bark 
  and 
  any 
  wounds 
  with 
  a 
  mix- 
  

   ture 
  of 
  one 
  part 
  of 
  carbolineum 
  with 
  two 
  parts 
  of 
  lime. 
  Sorbus 
  and 
  

   Crataegus 
  ought 
  to 
  be 
  excluded 
  from 
  gardens 
  or 
  used 
  as 
  bait 
  trees, 
  

   and 
  burned 
  afterwards. 
  In 
  the 
  same 
  way 
  damaged 
  trees 
  ought 
  also 
  

   to 
  be 
  burned, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  injured 
  branches, 
  etc. 
  

  

  Rastegajev 
  (P.). 
  HaMJiyHUJiii 
  cnocoSij 
  yHHMTOweHifl 
  wieflBtflKM 
  bti 
  

   caflaXTj 
  H 
  oropOflaXTj. 
  [The 
  best 
  method 
  of 
  destrojdng 
  Gryllo- 
  

   talpa 
  in 
  orchards 
  and 
  in 
  market-gardens.] 
  — 
  Orchard, 
  Market- 
  

   Garden 
  and 
  Bachza, 
  Feb. 
  1913, 
  pp. 
  41-42. 
  

  

  The 
  author 
  describes, 
  generally, 
  the 
  damage 
  done 
  by 
  these 
  pests 
  to 
  

   orchards 
  and 
  market 
  gardens, 
  which 
  in 
  south-eastern 
  Russia 
  is 
  enor- 
  

   mous. 
  He 
  recommends 
  a 
  new 
  remedy, 
  which 
  he 
  considers 
  superior 
  

   to 
  all 
  those 
  usually 
  recommended, 
  such 
  as 
  (1) 
  bait-holes 
  ; 
  (2) 
  poison- 
  

   ing 
  by 
  maize 
  ; 
  (3) 
  destruction 
  of 
  the 
  nests 
  with 
  eggs 
  ; 
  (4) 
  spraying 
  of 
  

   the 
  soil 
  with 
  carbon 
  bisulphide 
  ; 
  (5) 
  moistening 
  of 
  the 
  beds 
  with 
  a 
  

   mixture 
  of 
  water 
  and 
  carbon 
  bisulphide 
  ; 
  (6) 
  addition 
  of 
  turpentine 
  

   to 
  the 
  water 
  used 
  for 
  watering 
  the 
  beds, 
  etc. 
  His 
  remedy 
  consists 
  in 
  

   pouring 
  naphtha 
  into 
  the 
  burrows 
  of 
  the 
  insects. 
  For 
  this 
  purpose 
  

   (Ci.) 
  B 
  

  

  