﻿54 
  

  

  of 
  June, 
  when 
  many 
  of 
  the 
  young 
  sprouts 
  were 
  destroyed. 
  Hand- 
  

   picking 
  at 
  night 
  was 
  adopted, 
  and 
  the 
  remaining 
  plants 
  were 
  saved, 
  

   500 
  caterpillars 
  having 
  been 
  collected 
  on 
  a 
  space 
  of 
  2 
  acres. 
  The 
  

   author 
  also 
  suggests 
  spraying 
  with 
  Paris 
  green 
  (about 
  IJ 
  oz. 
  of 
  green 
  

   in 
  about 
  2*7 
  gallons 
  of 
  water). 
  

  

  Kyshkov 
  (N.). 
  MbimbflKOBMCiafl 
  MSBecTb 
  m 
  napMwcKan 
  sejieHb, 
  Kan-b 
  

   MHCeKTIiCMAbl. 
  [Calcium 
  arsenate 
  and 
  Paris 
  green 
  as 
  insecticides,] 
  

   — 
  Orchard, 
  Market-Garden 
  and 
  Bachza, 
  Oct. 
  1913, 
  pp. 
  643-644. 
  

  

  The 
  author 
  reports 
  the 
  results 
  of 
  spraying 
  with 
  the 
  above-mentioned 
  

   insecticides 
  in 
  various 
  orchards. 
  In 
  one 
  case 
  calcic 
  arsenate 
  was 
  

   used, 
  prepared 
  as 
  follows 
  : 
  — 
  1 
  lb. 
  of 
  arsenic 
  with 
  lJ-2 
  lb. 
  of 
  soda, 
  

   being 
  boiled 
  in 
  about 
  2*7 
  gallons 
  of 
  water 
  till 
  the 
  arsenic 
  was 
  quite 
  

   dissolved, 
  which 
  took 
  about 
  an 
  hour 
  ; 
  after 
  this 
  some 
  5 
  lb. 
  of 
  lime 
  was 
  

   added 
  and 
  boiled 
  for 
  another 
  half 
  an 
  hour 
  ; 
  this 
  solution 
  was 
  made 
  

   up 
  to 
  270 
  gallons 
  with 
  water. 
  Although 
  there 
  were 
  rains 
  during 
  the 
  

   spraying, 
  and 
  this 
  was 
  not 
  repeated, 
  the 
  results 
  obtained 
  were 
  excel- 
  

   lent 
  ; 
  and, 
  whereas, 
  during 
  the 
  previous 
  year, 
  C 
  pomonella 
  destroyed 
  

   more 
  than 
  three-quarters 
  of 
  the 
  harvest 
  in 
  this 
  particular 
  orchard, 
  no 
  

   specimens 
  of 
  the 
  pest 
  were 
  noticed 
  this 
  year. 
  In 
  another 
  orchard 
  

   the 
  spraying 
  was 
  done 
  with 
  Paris 
  green 
  dissolved 
  in 
  sal-anamoniac, 
  

   the 
  amount 
  of 
  the 
  latter 
  being 
  just 
  sufficient 
  to 
  dissolve 
  the 
  green, 
  

   and 
  1 
  oz. 
  of 
  this 
  mixture 
  was 
  dissolved 
  in 
  19 
  gallons 
  of 
  water 
  ; 
  while 
  

   in 
  a 
  third 
  orchard 
  the 
  insecticide 
  used 
  was 
  Paris 
  green 
  with 
  Hme 
  

   (about 
  J 
  oz. 
  in 
  2"7 
  gallons 
  of 
  water). 
  The 
  results 
  obtained 
  were 
  

   favourable 
  with 
  regard 
  to 
  Hyponomeuta 
  malinellus, 
  the 
  larvae 
  of 
  which 
  

   perished 
  after 
  3-4 
  days, 
  keeping 
  all 
  the 
  time 
  on 
  the 
  ends 
  of 
  the 
  bran- 
  

   ches 
  ; 
  while 
  the 
  activity 
  of 
  C. 
  jpomonella 
  was 
  practically 
  unafiected. 
  

  

  Long 
  (H. 
  C). 
  The 
  Large 
  Larch 
  Sawfly. 
  — 
  Gardeners' 
  Chronicle, 
  

   London, 
  liv, 
  no. 
  1394, 
  13th 
  Sept. 
  1913, 
  pp. 
  184-185, 
  1 
  pi. 
  

  

  The 
  Large 
  Larch 
  Sawfly, 
  Nematus 
  erichsoni, 
  has 
  caused 
  much 
  

   damage 
  in 
  Britain 
  since 
  1904 
  ; 
  up 
  to 
  that 
  time 
  it 
  had 
  not 
  proved 
  harm- 
  

   ful, 
  but 
  in 
  1904 
  it 
  was 
  observed 
  in 
  injurious 
  numbers 
  in 
  Cumberland, 
  

   and 
  in 
  1905 
  it 
  was 
  reported 
  as 
  having 
  wrought 
  great 
  havoc, 
  and 
  again 
  

   ^^ 
  in 
  1906. 
  Since 
  that 
  time 
  larch 
  woods 
  have 
  suffered 
  much 
  from 
  this 
  

   insect, 
  which 
  has 
  now 
  been 
  scheduled 
  as 
  notifiable 
  to 
  the 
  proper 
  

   authorities. 
  In 
  1908, 
  in 
  Keswick, 
  200 
  acres 
  were 
  attacked, 
  and 
  

   hundreds 
  of 
  the 
  trees 
  had 
  died 
  ; 
  on 
  Skiddaw 
  alone 
  30,000 
  trees 
  had 
  to 
  

   be 
  felled 
  in 
  1912 
  on 
  account 
  of 
  the 
  pest. 
  This 
  sawfly 
  has 
  been 
  recorded 
  

   in 
  Germany, 
  Switzerland, 
  Holland, 
  Denmark, 
  Sweden, 
  Finland, 
  the 
  

   United 
  States, 
  and 
  Canada. 
  

  

  The 
  damage 
  is 
  done 
  by 
  the 
  larvae, 
  which 
  feed 
  voraciously 
  on 
  the 
  

   foliage 
  of 
  the 
  larch 
  ; 
  trees 
  of 
  any 
  age 
  may 
  be 
  attacked. 
  Repeated 
  

   defoliation 
  may 
  kill 
  the 
  tree. 
  When 
  full-fed 
  the 
  larvae 
  enter 
  the 
  moss 
  

   or 
  soil 
  beneath 
  the 
  trees 
  and 
  spin 
  strong 
  brownish 
  cocoons, 
  in 
  which 
  

   they 
  pass 
  the 
  winter, 
  pupating 
  in 
  the 
  spring. 
  The 
  flies 
  emerge 
  from 
  

   May 
  to 
  July, 
  during 
  which 
  time 
  eggs 
  are 
  laid. 
  Hewitt 
  found 
  that 
  

   development 
  was 
  parthenogenetic. 
  

  

  The 
  sawfly 
  is 
  subject 
  to 
  attack 
  by 
  a 
  number 
  of 
  parasites, 
  chiefly 
  the 
  

   Ichneumon, 
  Mesoleius 
  aulicus, 
  which 
  is 
  responsible 
  for 
  the 
  death 
  of 
  

  

  