﻿10 
  

  

  gave 
  only 
  partial 
  results, 
  as 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  eggs 
  developed 
  even 
  in 
  

   unfavourable 
  positions. 
  According 
  to 
  Shevirev, 
  L. 
  dispar 
  is 
  seldom 
  

   dangerous 
  in 
  natural 
  forests, 
  and 
  he 
  recommends 
  fighting 
  the 
  insect 
  

   only 
  in 
  natural 
  woods 
  growing 
  under 
  unfavourable 
  conditions, 
  or 
  near 
  

   plantations, 
  nurseries 
  or 
  orchards 
  ; 
  in 
  any 
  case, 
  he 
  recommends 
  

   smearing 
  the 
  egg-masses 
  with 
  naphtha. 
  The 
  author 
  gives 
  an 
  example 
  

   of 
  the 
  cost 
  of 
  this 
  remedy, 
  which, 
  including 
  peasant 
  women 
  at 
  20 
  

   copeks 
  (5d.) 
  a 
  day, 
  and 
  naphtha, 
  of 
  which 
  about 
  32 
  cwt. 
  were 
  used, 
  

   amounted 
  to 
  about 
  5d. 
  per 
  acre. 
  On 
  the 
  plots 
  that 
  were 
  most 
  

   thoroughly 
  treated 
  there 
  were 
  no 
  unhatched 
  eggs. 
  The 
  results 
  showed 
  

   that 
  in 
  these 
  spots 
  there 
  were 
  practically 
  no 
  caterpillars 
  in 
  the 
  spring 
  

   of 
  1912, 
  and 
  no 
  damage 
  to 
  the 
  leaves. 
  In 
  the 
  neighbouring 
  plots> 
  

   which 
  were 
  not 
  smeared, 
  the 
  insects 
  appeared 
  in 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  large 
  

   quantities, 
  and 
  would 
  have 
  done 
  great 
  damage 
  if 
  the 
  weather 
  con- 
  

   ditions 
  had 
  not 
  arrested 
  their 
  development. 
  The 
  author 
  is 
  quite 
  

   satisfied 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  efficiency 
  of 
  this 
  remedy. 
  

  

  Bagrinovsky 
  (— 
  .). 
  OTMeiij 
  o 
  6opb6t 
  Cb 
  epeflHbiMM 
  HactKOMbiMW 
  

   B-b 
  KynMKOBCKOM-b 
  JltcHHMecTBt 
  TaM6oBCKOM 
  ry6. 
  aa 
  1912 
  

   rofllj. 
  [Report 
  on 
  the 
  fighting 
  of 
  injurious 
  insects 
  in 
  the 
  

   Kulikov 
  Forest 
  of 
  the 
  Govt, 
  of 
  Tambov 
  in 
  1912]. 
  — 
  «JltCHafl 
  

   WMSHb 
  M 
  X03flMCTB0» 
  [" 
  Forest 
  Life 
  and 
  Economy'']. 
  — 
  Tambov^ 
  

   1913, 
  no. 
  5, 
  pp. 
  31-35. 
  

  

  As 
  the 
  result 
  of 
  excavations 
  conducted 
  by 
  Prof. 
  I. 
  K. 
  Tarnani 
  

   in 
  autumn 
  of 
  1911, 
  he 
  was 
  satisfied 
  that 
  the 
  year 
  1912 
  would 
  be 
  a 
  bad 
  

   year 
  for 
  Melolontha 
  on 
  the 
  Kulikov 
  estate, 
  while 
  on 
  the 
  Demshin 
  

   estate 
  this 
  was 
  to 
  be 
  expected 
  only 
  on 
  one 
  plot. 
  These 
  expectations 
  

   proved 
  correct, 
  and 
  the 
  " 
  May 
  beetles 
  " 
  on 
  the 
  former 
  estate 
  appeared 
  

   in 
  enormous 
  numbers. 
  The 
  author 
  further 
  describes 
  the 
  collection 
  

   of 
  the 
  beetles 
  organised 
  on 
  about 
  13,500 
  acres 
  of 
  the 
  Kulikov 
  estate, 
  

   and 
  on 
  12,000 
  acres 
  of 
  the 
  Demshin 
  estate, 
  which 
  resulted 
  in 
  the 
  

   accumulation 
  of 
  15 
  tons 
  of 
  insects, 
  for 
  which 
  a 
  sum 
  of 
  £200 
  was 
  paid 
  ; 
  

   964 
  people, 
  mostly 
  women 
  and 
  children, 
  were 
  engaged 
  in 
  the 
  work, 
  

   which 
  lasted 
  from 
  the 
  2nd 
  June 
  to 
  6th 
  July. 
  The 
  beginning 
  of 
  field 
  

   and 
  market-garden 
  work, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  the 
  decrease 
  in 
  the 
  number 
  of 
  

   flying 
  beetles, 
  led 
  to 
  a 
  gradual 
  diminution 
  in 
  the 
  quantities 
  collected 
  

   after 
  the 
  29th 
  June 
  ; 
  the 
  amounts 
  brought 
  in 
  varied 
  from 
  3 
  J 
  cwt. 
  

   to 
  14 
  cwt. 
  per 
  diem 
  before 
  the 
  16th 
  June, 
  after 
  which 
  date 
  the 
  daily 
  

   collections 
  were 
  never 
  more 
  than 
  268 
  lb., 
  being 
  only 
  9 
  lb. 
  on 
  the 
  23rd 
  

   of 
  that 
  month. 
  For 
  each 
  pound 
  of 
  live 
  beetles 
  from 
  Jd. 
  to 
  l|d. 
  were 
  

   paid. 
  The 
  procedure 
  adopted 
  was 
  to 
  shake 
  the 
  trees, 
  when 
  the 
  beetles 
  

   fell 
  down 
  and 
  were 
  collected 
  in 
  bags, 
  etc. 
  The 
  bags 
  containing 
  the 
  

   insects 
  were 
  put 
  into 
  boiling 
  water, 
  after 
  which 
  they 
  were 
  emptied 
  

   into 
  deep 
  pits. 
  In 
  order 
  to 
  check 
  the 
  stench 
  produced 
  by 
  the 
  dead 
  

   bodies 
  of 
  the 
  beetles, 
  the 
  heaps 
  were 
  sprayed 
  over 
  with 
  lime. 
  It 
  is 
  

   estimated 
  that 
  at 
  least 
  seven 
  and-a-half 
  millions 
  of 
  females 
  were 
  

   destroyed. 
  

  

  Some 
  experiments 
  were 
  also 
  started 
  to 
  test 
  the 
  effect 
  of 
  various 
  

   insecticides, 
  Paris 
  green, 
  barium 
  chloride, 
  and 
  white 
  arsenic, 
  on 
  young 
  

   seedlings. 
  Underneath 
  some 
  small 
  oak 
  bushes 
  sprayed 
  with 
  Paris 
  

   green 
  or 
  barium 
  chloride 
  no 
  dead 
  beetles 
  were 
  found, 
  and 
  the 
  insects 
  

   evidently 
  avoided 
  these 
  plants. 
  

  

  