﻿74 
  

  

  These 
  insects 
  evidently 
  cannot 
  stand 
  the 
  smell 
  of 
  carbolineum, 
  and 
  by^ 
  

   smearing 
  it 
  over 
  the 
  wooden 
  parts 
  of 
  the 
  buildings, 
  especially 
  in 
  places 
  

   where 
  the 
  exits 
  of 
  the 
  insects 
  are 
  situated, 
  he 
  was 
  able 
  practically 
  to 
  

   free 
  his 
  house 
  from 
  them. 
  

  

  An 
  editorial 
  note 
  to 
  this 
  article 
  calls 
  attention 
  to 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  in 
  

   the 
  author's 
  experiment 
  with 
  carbolineum 
  on 
  peach 
  trees 
  he 
  brought 
  

   in 
  accidentally 
  another 
  material 
  — 
  kerosene 
  — 
  and 
  it 
  is 
  not 
  proved 
  which 
  

   of 
  the 
  two 
  was 
  injurious 
  to 
  the 
  trees. 
  [See 
  this 
  Review, 
  Ser. 
  A, 
  ii, 
  p. 
  6]. 
  

  

  Parasites 
  of 
  Chloridea 
  and 
  the 
  Codling 
  Moth. 
  — 
  AgricuUure 
  of 
  Turkestan. 
  

   no. 
  8, 
  August 
  1913, 
  pp. 
  810-813. 
  

  

  An 
  editorial 
  note 
  deals 
  with 
  a 
  parasite 
  of 
  tomato- 
  worms, 
  under 
  which 
  

   name 
  the 
  caterpillars 
  of 
  Chloridea 
  are 
  popularly 
  known 
  in 
  Turkestan. 
  

   Near 
  Tashkent 
  tomatoes 
  were 
  seriously 
  damaged 
  during 
  last 
  year 
  

   (1913) 
  by 
  two 
  species 
  of 
  Chloridea, 
  C. 
  ohsoleta 
  and 
  C. 
  dipsacea 
  ; 
  there 
  

   w^as 
  also 
  a 
  caterpillar 
  of 
  a 
  third 
  species 
  which 
  remained 
  unidentified. 
  

   These 
  caterpillars 
  are 
  very 
  injurious, 
  feeding 
  day 
  and 
  night 
  on 
  the 
  

   fruit. 
  S. 
  N. 
  Bogoljubov, 
  from 
  the 
  Entomological 
  Station, 
  has 
  been 
  

   studying 
  these 
  insects, 
  and 
  found 
  a 
  parasite 
  of 
  them. 
  The 
  name 
  of 
  the 
  

   latter 
  is 
  not 
  given, 
  but 
  a 
  description 
  of 
  it 
  is 
  supplied 
  ; 
  the 
  females 
  

   kill 
  the 
  caterpillars 
  with 
  their 
  ovipositor, 
  feeding 
  on 
  their 
  blood 
  

   and 
  depositing 
  eggs 
  on 
  the 
  killed 
  insect. 
  The 
  parasites 
  prefer 
  the 
  

   blood 
  of 
  fresh 
  victims 
  and 
  pass 
  from 
  one 
  caterpillar 
  to 
  another. 
  In 
  

   the 
  laboratory 
  some 
  females 
  have 
  killed 
  as 
  many 
  as 
  eight 
  caterpillars 
  

   during 
  their 
  life 
  and 
  deposited 
  on 
  them 
  about 
  100 
  eggs. 
  The 
  develop- 
  

   ment 
  of 
  the 
  parasite 
  from 
  egg 
  to 
  imago 
  lasts 
  eight 
  to 
  fifteen 
  days, 
  thus 
  

   a 
  large 
  number 
  of 
  generations 
  is 
  bred 
  during 
  one 
  summer. 
  Males 
  of 
  

   this 
  parasite 
  were 
  also 
  noticed. 
  It 
  is 
  suggested 
  to 
  assist 
  the 
  breeding 
  

   of 
  these 
  parasites 
  by 
  keeping 
  the 
  dead 
  caterpillars, 
  found 
  near 
  tomato- 
  

   bushes 
  in 
  a 
  box 
  with 
  a 
  wire- 
  netting 
  lid, 
  so 
  as 
  to 
  enable 
  the 
  hatched 
  

   parasites 
  to 
  escape 
  ; 
  such 
  a 
  box 
  should 
  be 
  put 
  in 
  a 
  tomato 
  field 
  on 
  a 
  

   sheet 
  of 
  glass 
  or 
  other 
  support, 
  protected 
  by 
  varnish 
  from 
  ants. 
  A 
  

   more 
  detailed 
  report 
  is 
  expected 
  from 
  Bogoljubov 
  after 
  the 
  conclusion 
  

   of 
  his 
  observations. 
  

  

  Another 
  note 
  relates 
  to 
  the 
  parasite 
  of 
  the 
  egg 
  of 
  C. 
  jjomonella, 
  

   imported 
  in 
  1911 
  by 
  Radetzky 
  from 
  Astrachan 
  [^Trichogramma 
  

   semblidis.] 
  Last 
  year 
  (1913) 
  they 
  were 
  found 
  by 
  Troitzky 
  in 
  many 
  

   orchards 
  of 
  Tashkent, 
  besides 
  those 
  in 
  which 
  they 
  were 
  released 
  in 
  the 
  

   preceding 
  years. 
  In 
  1912, 
  Plotnikov 
  found 
  these 
  parasites 
  in 
  

   Ferghana, 
  where 
  no 
  imported 
  specimens 
  w^ere 
  released. 
  In 
  1913, 
  

   they 
  were 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  districts 
  of 
  Samarkand 
  and 
  Ferghana. 
  

   Whereas 
  the 
  parasites 
  in 
  Tashkent 
  are 
  exclusively 
  parthenogenetic 
  

   females, 
  in 
  Ferghana 
  both 
  sexes 
  are 
  found, 
  and 
  the 
  parasites 
  hatch 
  

   from 
  fecundated 
  eggs 
  ; 
  the 
  parasites 
  in 
  Samarkand, 
  where 
  also 
  

   both 
  males 
  and 
  females 
  are 
  found, 
  differ 
  in 
  colour. 
  

  

  It 
  is 
  reported 
  that 
  in 
  the 
  garden 
  of 
  the 
  governor 
  of 
  Ferghana, 
  where 
  

   enormous 
  quantities 
  of 
  these 
  parasites 
  wxre 
  found, 
  and 
  where 
  in 
  the 
  

   first 
  half 
  of 
  July 
  all 
  the 
  eggs 
  of 
  C. 
  pomonella 
  were 
  infested 
  by 
  them, 
  

   there 
  were 
  also 
  found 
  large 
  quantities 
  of 
  caterpillars 
  of 
  the 
  codling 
  

   moth. 
  The 
  information 
  obtained 
  will 
  decide 
  the 
  question 
  as 
  to 
  

   whether 
  the 
  imported 
  parasites 
  have 
  been 
  able 
  to 
  acclimatise 
  them- 
  

   selves 
  in 
  Turkestan 
  or 
  whether 
  there 
  are 
  local 
  representatives 
  of 
  them. 
  

  

  