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  trees 
  and 
  taking 
  care 
  to 
  smear 
  any 
  wounds 
  on 
  the 
  trees 
  with 
  tar 
  or 
  

   some 
  greasy 
  material. 
  He 
  recommends 
  the 
  destruction 
  by 
  burning 
  

   of 
  infested 
  branches 
  or 
  trees, 
  whenever 
  possible, 
  if 
  the 
  trees 
  attacked 
  

   are 
  not 
  too 
  valuable 
  to 
  be 
  destroyed, 
  and 
  the 
  destruction 
  of 
  the 
  lice 
  

   by 
  crushing 
  them, 
  even 
  by 
  hand 
  ; 
  insecticides 
  may 
  be 
  usefully 
  applied 
  

   late 
  in 
  autumn 
  and 
  in 
  winter 
  when 
  the 
  lice 
  lose 
  their 
  '* 
  down." 
  In 
  

   crushing 
  the 
  lice 
  with 
  brushes, 
  the 
  use 
  of 
  a 
  poison 
  — 
  Nessler 
  liquid 
  — 
  is 
  

   recommended, 
  as 
  described 
  by 
  Mokrzecki 
  (about 
  5 
  J 
  oz. 
  of 
  green 
  soap, 
  

   a 
  quarter 
  of 
  a 
  pint 
  of 
  amyl 
  alcohol, 
  one-eighth 
  oz. 
  of 
  carbolic 
  acid, 
  and 
  

   eight 
  pints 
  of 
  soft 
  water). 
  When 
  the 
  lice 
  are 
  discovered 
  on 
  the 
  

   roots, 
  the 
  latter 
  may 
  be 
  safely 
  sprayed 
  with 
  this 
  mixture, 
  or, 
  

   as 
  recommended 
  by 
  Rollov, 
  the 
  earth 
  round 
  the 
  trees 
  must 
  be 
  dug 
  

   to 
  a 
  depth 
  of 
  about 
  3-3J 
  feet, 
  a 
  solution 
  of 
  milk 
  of 
  lime 
  in 
  water 
  poured 
  

   over 
  the 
  roots, 
  the 
  latter 
  being 
  afterwards 
  covered 
  with 
  slaked 
  lime 
  

   and 
  earth. 
  Smearing 
  with 
  carbolineum, 
  and 
  spraying 
  with 
  kerosene 
  

   emulsion 
  and 
  with 
  quassia 
  is 
  also 
  recommended 
  ; 
  for 
  kerosene 
  

   emulsion 
  the 
  following 
  recipe 
  is 
  given 
  by 
  Plotnikov 
  : 
  If 
  oz. 
  of 
  caustic 
  

   lime, 
  3 
  lb. 
  of 
  kerosene, 
  and 
  2'7 
  gals, 
  of 
  water. 
  Radetzky 
  has 
  recom- 
  

   mended 
  smearing 
  the 
  trees 
  with 
  a 
  solution 
  of 
  ^-f 
  lb. 
  of 
  naphtha 
  soap 
  

   in 
  2*7 
  gals, 
  of 
  water. 
  

  

  A 
  list 
  of 
  eleven 
  Russian 
  works 
  on 
  the 
  subject 
  concludes 
  the 
  article. 
  

  

  Crawford 
  (D. 
  L.) 
  Control 
  of 
  the 
  Orange 
  Maggot 
  {Trypeta 
  ludens). 
  — 
  

   Mexico 
  Gulf 
  Coast 
  Citrus 
  Association, 
  Tampico, 
  Circular 
  no. 
  1, 
  

   17th 
  Sept. 
  1913, 
  5 
  pp. 
  

  

  The 
  pest 
  known 
  as 
  Trypeta 
  ludens, 
  or 
  the 
  orange 
  maggot 
  or 
  fruit 
  fly, 
  

   is 
  a 
  very 
  serious 
  one. 
  Its 
  attacks 
  are 
  not 
  limited 
  to 
  citrus 
  fruits, 
  of 
  

   which 
  the 
  following 
  have 
  been 
  found 
  to 
  be 
  infested 
  : 
  Grape-fruit, 
  navels, 
  

   Boone's 
  Early, 
  Hart's 
  Late, 
  tangerines, 
  citrons, 
  sweet 
  limes 
  and 
  sour- 
  

   oranges. 
  The 
  eggs 
  are 
  laid 
  within 
  the 
  skin 
  of 
  the 
  fruit 
  in 
  a 
  small 
  

   puncture 
  made 
  by 
  the 
  ovipositor 
  of 
  the 
  female. 
  They 
  hatch 
  in 
  about 
  

   ten 
  days, 
  and 
  the 
  tiny 
  maggots 
  eat 
  into 
  the 
  pulp, 
  decay 
  sets 
  in 
  and 
  the 
  

   fruit 
  drops. 
  After 
  three 
  weeks 
  inside 
  the 
  fruit 
  the 
  maggots 
  work 
  their 
  

   way 
  into 
  the 
  ground 
  and 
  pupate, 
  and 
  the 
  fly 
  emerges 
  nearly 
  a 
  month 
  

   later. 
  From 
  egg-laying 
  to 
  the 
  emergence 
  of 
  the 
  adult 
  occupies 
  about 
  

   three 
  months. 
  The 
  control 
  method 
  already 
  practised, 
  frequent 
  

   collection 
  and 
  destruction 
  of 
  the 
  fallen 
  fruit, 
  is 
  effective 
  to 
  a 
  certain 
  

   extent, 
  but 
  poisoned 
  baits 
  should 
  also 
  be 
  used. 
  All 
  fallen 
  fruit 
  should 
  

   be 
  buried 
  in 
  a 
  deep 
  pit 
  and 
  covered 
  with 
  at 
  least 
  two 
  feet 
  of 
  soil. 
  

   Burning 
  the 
  fruit 
  is 
  more 
  satisfactory, 
  provided 
  it 
  be 
  done 
  thoroughly, 
  

   for 
  the 
  maggots 
  are 
  very 
  resistant 
  to 
  heat. 
  Incinerating 
  furnaces 
  are 
  

   the 
  best 
  for 
  this 
  purpose. 
  The 
  formula 
  for 
  preparing 
  the 
  bait 
  spray 
  

   is 
  as 
  follows 
  : 
  6 
  lb. 
  of 
  dulce 
  syrup 
  (thick), 
  1 
  lb. 
  of 
  arsenate 
  of 
  lead 
  

   (paste), 
  20 
  gals, 
  of 
  water. 
  If 
  this 
  cannot 
  be 
  obtained, 
  the 
  following 
  

   substitute 
  may 
  be 
  used 
  : 
  1 
  lb. 
  of 
  white 
  arsenic, 
  4 
  lb. 
  of 
  sal 
  soda 
  

   (washing 
  soda), 
  and 
  1 
  gal. 
  of 
  w^ater. 
  Boil 
  these 
  ingredients 
  in 
  an 
  iron 
  

   vessel 
  for 
  about 
  twenty 
  minutes, 
  or 
  until 
  dissolved. 
  The 
  liquid 
  thus 
  

   made 
  is 
  arsenite 
  of 
  lime, 
  and 
  must 
  be 
  diluted. 
  It 
  is 
  less 
  satisfactory 
  than 
  

   arsenate 
  of 
  lead, 
  because 
  it 
  is 
  washed 
  off 
  the 
  trees 
  more 
  easily. 
  This 
  

   stock 
  solution 
  of 
  arsenite 
  of 
  lime 
  is 
  to 
  be 
  used 
  as 
  follows 
  : 
  6 
  lb. 
  of 
  dulce 
  

   syrup 
  (thick), 
  one 
  pint 
  of 
  arsenite 
  of 
  lime, 
  4 
  lb. 
  of 
  freshly 
  slaked 
  lime, 
  

   and 
  20 
  gals, 
  of 
  water. 
  The 
  lime 
  absorbs 
  any 
  free 
  arsenic 
  which 
  would 
  

  

  