﻿81 
  

  

  were 
  infected 
  by 
  Praonfavinode, 
  Hal., 
  out 
  of 
  some 
  of 
  which 
  the 
  author 
  

   reared 
  a 
  hyperparasite, 
  Lygocerus 
  sp. 
  

  

  Aphis 
  prn7iorum, 
  sp. 
  nov. 
  These 
  were 
  identified 
  by 
  Mortivilko 
  as 
  a 
  

   new" 
  and 
  undescribed 
  species, 
  and 
  the 
  author 
  gives 
  descriptions 
  of 
  the 
  

   winged 
  and 
  wingless 
  parthenogenetic 
  female, 
  larvae, 
  nymph, 
  and 
  

   sexual 
  female. 
  He 
  found 
  large 
  colonies 
  of 
  these 
  insects 
  on 
  a 
  young, 
  

   green 
  shoot 
  of 
  an 
  apricot 
  tree 
  on 
  the 
  6th 
  June, 
  consisting 
  of 
  wingless 
  

   females, 
  nymphae 
  and 
  young 
  larvae 
  ; 
  on 
  the 
  9th 
  July 
  they 
  were 
  

   found, 
  mostly 
  as 
  winged 
  females, 
  nymphae 
  and 
  larvae 
  of 
  all 
  stages, 
  

   on 
  leaves 
  of 
  apricot 
  trees 
  ; 
  on 
  the 
  22nd 
  July 
  only 
  winged 
  females 
  and 
  

   nymphae 
  were 
  found, 
  and 
  from 
  the 
  29th 
  July 
  till 
  the 
  9th 
  September 
  

   no 
  specimens 
  could 
  be 
  found 
  on 
  any 
  plants 
  ; 
  on 
  the 
  last 
  date 
  they 
  were 
  

   again 
  observed 
  on 
  leaves 
  of 
  plum 
  trees, 
  where 
  they 
  were 
  found 
  until 
  

   the 
  30th 
  October. 
  Evidently 
  they 
  migrate 
  in 
  the 
  summer 
  to 
  some 
  

   intermediate 
  host 
  plants. 
  

  

  Aphis 
  primi. 
  The 
  author 
  found 
  larvae 
  and 
  wingless 
  females 
  on 
  

   young 
  leaves 
  of 
  plum 
  trees 
  on 
  29th 
  May, 
  but 
  by 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  July 
  the 
  

   insects 
  had 
  entirely 
  disappeared 
  from 
  these 
  trees, 
  being 
  found 
  instead 
  

   on 
  Cynoglossum 
  officinale, 
  L. 
  (dog's 
  tongue) 
  during 
  July-August. 
  

   But 
  the 
  author 
  is 
  satisfied 
  that 
  these 
  two, 
  A. 
  cardui, 
  L., 
  and 
  A. 
  pruni, 
  

   Koch, 
  are 
  synonymous, 
  and 
  that 
  the 
  latter 
  form 
  migrates 
  in 
  the 
  summer 
  

   to 
  some 
  intermediate 
  host 
  plants, 
  returning 
  in 
  the 
  autumn 
  to 
  plum. 
  

   He 
  further 
  thinks 
  that 
  it 
  is 
  probable 
  that 
  the 
  species 
  described 
  by 
  

   Koch 
  as 
  A. 
  jacobaeae, 
  Schr., 
  A. 
  symphyti, 
  Schr., 
  A. 
  chrysanthemi, 
  Koch, 
  

   and 
  A. 
  carsellae, 
  Koch, 
  are 
  all 
  synonymous 
  wdth 
  Aphis 
  cardui, 
  L. 
  s. 
  

   pruni, 
  Koch. 
  A. 
  pruni 
  also 
  occurred 
  on 
  young 
  shoots 
  of 
  apricot 
  trees, 
  

   as 
  well 
  as 
  on 
  Primus 
  spinosa, 
  L. 
  ; 
  a 
  large 
  proportion 
  of 
  those 
  found 
  

   on 
  the 
  latter 
  plant 
  w^ere 
  infected 
  by 
  the 
  parasite, 
  Lysiphlebus 
  [Apthidius) 
  

   cardui, 
  Marsh. 
  

  

  Rhopalosiphum 
  rihis. 
  The 
  author's 
  observations 
  again 
  confirm 
  

   those 
  of 
  Mordvilko, 
  to 
  the 
  effect 
  that 
  this 
  species 
  migrates 
  in 
  the 
  summer 
  

   from 
  its 
  chief 
  host 
  plant, 
  black 
  currant, 
  to 
  various 
  species 
  of 
  Sonchus- 
  

   (sow 
  thistle). 
  He 
  found 
  many 
  enemies 
  and 
  parasites 
  of 
  these 
  flies 
  ; 
  

   they 
  were 
  devoured 
  by 
  larvae 
  of 
  ladybirds 
  and 
  of 
  Syrphid 
  flies 
  and 
  by 
  

   bugs 
  of 
  the 
  genus 
  Anthocoris 
  ; 
  he 
  also 
  reared 
  the 
  parasites 
  Praon 
  voliicre 
  

   Hal., 
  and 
  Ephedrus 
  lacertosus, 
  Hal. 
  ; 
  from 
  these 
  parasitised 
  specimens 
  

   the 
  hyperparasites, 
  Pachyneuron 
  sp. 
  and 
  Lygocerus 
  sp., 
  were 
  also 
  

   reared. 
  

  

  Myzus 
  rihicolus. 
  The 
  author's 
  attention 
  was 
  called 
  to 
  this 
  species 
  

   only 
  in 
  the 
  autumn, 
  w^hen 
  he 
  found 
  them 
  on 
  the 
  6th 
  September 
  on 
  

   black 
  currant 
  ; 
  he 
  failed 
  to 
  distinguish 
  them 
  in 
  the 
  spring, 
  owing 
  ta 
  

   their 
  similarity 
  to 
  Rhopalosiphum 
  rihis 
  ; 
  they 
  were 
  not 
  to 
  be 
  found 
  on 
  

   currants 
  during 
  the 
  summer. 
  

  

  Myzus 
  rihis. 
  These 
  were 
  found 
  during 
  the 
  whole 
  summer 
  and 
  

   autumn 
  on 
  black 
  and 
  red 
  currants. 
  They 
  do 
  not 
  harm 
  black 
  currants, 
  

   but 
  produce 
  bright 
  red 
  protuberances 
  on 
  leaves 
  of 
  red 
  currants. 
  The 
  

   author 
  found 
  that 
  they 
  w^ere 
  destroyed 
  by 
  larvae 
  of 
  one 
  species 
  of 
  

   Syrphid, 
  and 
  by 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  Bremia 
  ; 
  a 
  considerable 
  number 
  were 
  

   infected 
  by 
  Lysiphlebus 
  (Aphidius) 
  ribis, 
  Hal. 
  

  

  Aphis 
  grossulariae. 
  According 
  to 
  the 
  author 
  these 
  are 
  the 
  most 
  

   injurious 
  of 
  all 
  the 
  currant 
  aphides 
  ; 
  he 
  found 
  them 
  from 
  the 
  23rd 
  April 
  

   to 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  October. 
  The 
  following 
  enemies 
  of 
  these 
  lice 
  are 
  reported 
  : 
  

   Syrphid 
  larvae, 
  larvae 
  of 
  Bremia, 
  the 
  beetles 
  Exochomus 
  cpiadri- 
  

  

  