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  GowDEY 
  (C. 
  C). 
  A 
  List 
  of 
  Uganda 
  Coccidae 
  and 
  their 
  Food-plants. 
  — 
  

  

  Bull. 
  Entwn. 
  Research, 
  London, 
  iv, 
  pt. 
  3, 
  Nov. 
  1913, 
  pp. 
  247-249. 
  

  

  The 
  list 
  which 
  the 
  author 
  gives 
  of 
  the 
  Coccidae 
  of 
  Uganda 
  is 
  the 
  

   result 
  of 
  an 
  extended 
  search 
  among 
  the 
  flora 
  of 
  that 
  country. 
  Owing 
  

   to 
  the 
  favourable 
  climatic 
  conditions 
  and 
  the 
  luxuriance 
  of 
  vegetation, 
  

   Coccids 
  continue 
  to 
  grow 
  and 
  multiply 
  throughout 
  the 
  year. 
  The 
  

   family 
  is 
  abundantly 
  represented, 
  no 
  less 
  tLan 
  49 
  s>-pecies 
  being 
  

   enumerated. 
  

  

  Dudgeon 
  (G. 
  C). 
  A 
  Proposed 
  Method 
  of 
  Controlling 
  the 
  Ravages 
  of 
  

   Leaf-eating 
  Caterpillars. 
  — 
  Bull. 
  Entom. 
  Research, 
  London, 
  iv, 
  pt. 
  3, 
  

   Nov. 
  1913, 
  pp. 
  243-245. 
  

  

  In 
  Egypt, 
  where 
  temperature 
  and 
  humidity 
  exhibit 
  practically 
  no 
  

   variation 
  which 
  can 
  seriously 
  affect 
  agriculture, 
  and 
  where 
  the 
  land 
  is 
  

   irrigated 
  by 
  a 
  well 
  organised 
  system 
  of 
  canals, 
  which 
  serve 
  also 
  to 
  fer- 
  

   tilise 
  the 
  soil, 
  almost 
  the 
  only 
  uncertain 
  factor 
  which 
  may 
  affect 
  results 
  

   is 
  the 
  presence 
  or 
  absence 
  of 
  insect 
  pests. 
  The 
  isolated 
  position 
  of 
  

   Egypt 
  with 
  respect 
  to 
  other 
  countries 
  makes 
  it 
  less 
  liable 
  to 
  the 
  intro- 
  

   duction 
  of 
  pests, 
  but 
  on 
  the 
  other 
  hand, 
  w^hen 
  a 
  pest 
  has 
  gained 
  a 
  foothold, 
  

   it 
  remains 
  unattacked 
  by 
  natural 
  enemies, 
  which 
  in 
  less 
  isolated 
  countries 
  

   would 
  tend 
  to 
  exterminate 
  it. 
  The 
  present 
  paper 
  deals 
  with 
  the 
  

   so-called 
  " 
  cotton 
  w^orm," 
  the 
  caterpillar 
  oiProdenia 
  litura, 
  F., 
  a 
  Noctuid 
  

   moth 
  of 
  the 
  sub-family 
  Acronyctinae. 
  Previous 
  to 
  1910, 
  the 
  

   Government 
  had 
  legislated 
  against 
  this 
  pest, 
  but 
  the 
  methods 
  employed 
  

   were 
  purely 
  mechanical, 
  consisting 
  of 
  destroying 
  the 
  egg-masses 
  as 
  

   soon 
  as 
  they 
  appeared 
  ; 
  other 
  methods 
  employed 
  w^ere 
  equally 
  costly 
  

   and 
  less 
  efficacious. 
  In 
  1910, 
  upon 
  the 
  formation 
  of 
  the 
  Agricultural 
  

   Department 
  of 
  Egypt, 
  attention 
  was 
  turned 
  to 
  the 
  possibility 
  of 
  

   introducing 
  disease 
  among 
  the 
  larvae. 
  Experiments 
  were 
  made 
  in 
  

   which 
  bodies 
  carrying 
  diseases 
  known 
  to 
  attack 
  lepidopterous 
  insects 
  

   were 
  introduced 
  and 
  the 
  larvae 
  of 
  P. 
  litura 
  were 
  infected 
  with 
  them. 
  

   Muscardine 
  and 
  other 
  fungoid 
  diseases 
  w^ere 
  found 
  unsuitable, 
  owing 
  

   to 
  the 
  dryness 
  of 
  the 
  climate. 
  Pebrine 
  and 
  flacherie 
  were 
  tried, 
  but 
  it 
  

   was 
  impossible 
  to 
  say 
  what 
  the 
  results 
  were, 
  as 
  a 
  superinfection 
  occurred 
  

   due 
  to 
  a 
  protozoan 
  disease 
  known 
  as 
  " 
  grasserie 
  " 
  (Microsporidium 
  

   polyedricum, 
  Bolle). 
  This 
  disease 
  was 
  so 
  efficacious 
  that 
  all 
  the 
  larvae 
  

   of 
  Prodenia 
  in 
  the 
  experimental 
  area 
  were 
  killed. 
  A 
  month 
  later 
  it 
  was 
  

   found 
  difficult 
  to 
  procure 
  Prodenia 
  uninfected 
  by 
  the 
  disease 
  from 
  any 
  

   part 
  of 
  the 
  country. 
  The 
  author 
  beheves 
  that 
  the 
  outbreak 
  was 
  

   spontaneous, 
  and 
  that 
  it 
  had 
  nothing 
  to 
  do 
  with 
  the 
  laboratory 
  

   experiments. 
  Steps 
  were 
  taken 
  to 
  secure 
  the 
  continuity 
  of 
  the 
  disease. 
  

   In 
  experiments 
  to 
  find 
  out 
  how 
  this 
  might 
  best 
  be 
  accomphshed, 
  

   30,000 
  silkworms 
  were 
  fed 
  with 
  food 
  sprayed 
  with 
  water 
  in 
  which 
  were 
  

   the 
  macerated 
  remains 
  of 
  an 
  infected 
  silkworm. 
  They 
  all 
  died 
  before 
  • 
  

   reaching 
  maturity, 
  mostly 
  on 
  or 
  shortly 
  after 
  the 
  fourth 
  day. 
  A 
  similar 
  

   experiment 
  was 
  made, 
  using 
  an 
  infected 
  cotton 
  worm 
  instead 
  of 
  a 
  

   silkworm 
  ; 
  the 
  worms 
  did 
  not 
  die 
  so 
  quickly, 
  but 
  no 
  larva 
  reached 
  

   the 
  spinning 
  stage. 
  Later, 
  in 
  May 
  1913, 
  cotton 
  worms 
  were 
  infected 
  

   by 
  food 
  sprayed 
  with 
  water 
  containing 
  a 
  single 
  macerated 
  diseased 
  

   silkworm 
  ; 
  in 
  three 
  days 
  50 
  per 
  cent, 
  had 
  succumbed, 
  only 
  six 
  

   survived 
  to 
  pupate, 
  and 
  it 
  was 
  not 
  expected 
  that 
  these 
  would 
  emerge. 
  

   (Cli) 
  D 
  

  

  