﻿Ill 
  

  

  continue 
  to 
  increase 
  as 
  they 
  are 
  doing, 
  other 
  food 
  will 
  be 
  required. 
  It 
  has 
  

   been 
  reported 
  that 
  young 
  coconuts 
  have 
  been 
  destroyed 
  by 
  continued 
  

   attacks 
  of 
  flying 
  locusts 
  and 
  hoppers 
  have 
  eaten 
  down 
  the 
  paddy 
  to 
  

   below 
  water-line. 
  Of 
  the 
  garden 
  plants, 
  the 
  bamboo 
  is 
  very 
  hable 
  to 
  

   attack. 
  Tennis-law^ns, 
  golf 
  -greens, 
  padangs 
  and 
  race-courses 
  have 
  

   been 
  rendered 
  brow^n 
  and 
  unsightly 
  by 
  these 
  insects 
  in 
  a 
  few 
  hours. 
  

   In 
  the 
  Malay 
  kampongs, 
  sugar-canes, 
  bananas, 
  pine-apples, 
  paddy 
  

   and 
  coconuts 
  have 
  been 
  eaten. 
  Slight 
  damage 
  has 
  also 
  been 
  done 
  

   to 
  rubber 
  trees 
  by 
  the 
  weight 
  of 
  the 
  insects 
  settling 
  on 
  the 
  branches 
  

   or 
  main 
  stems 
  of 
  young 
  plants 
  causing 
  them 
  to 
  snap. 
  The 
  rubber 
  

   leaves 
  are 
  only 
  occasionally 
  nibbled. 
  

  

  The 
  driving 
  and 
  pit 
  system 
  of 
  dealing 
  with 
  these 
  insects 
  used 
  in 
  other 
  

   parts 
  of 
  the 
  w^orld 
  entails 
  an 
  immense 
  labour 
  force, 
  and 
  much 
  expense 
  

   in 
  digging 
  ditches, 
  and 
  on 
  this 
  account 
  can 
  only 
  be 
  used 
  for 
  small 
  

   swarms 
  in 
  the 
  Malay 
  States, 
  where 
  a 
  large 
  amount 
  of 
  labour 
  is 
  not 
  

   generally 
  available. 
  Moreover, 
  the 
  hoppers 
  are 
  able 
  to 
  get 
  out 
  of 
  the 
  

   pits 
  of 
  almost 
  any 
  depth, 
  unless 
  killed 
  upon 
  entering 
  them 
  or 
  prevented 
  

   from 
  escaping 
  by 
  a 
  gang 
  of 
  coolies 
  or 
  other 
  means. 
  Another 
  method, 
  

   not 
  used 
  in 
  Malaya, 
  is 
  that 
  of 
  driving 
  the 
  hoppers 
  into 
  drainage 
  ditches, 
  

   where 
  kerosene 
  has 
  been 
  added 
  to 
  the 
  w^ater. 
  This 
  surface 
  film 
  of 
  

   kerosene 
  on 
  the 
  w^ater 
  soon 
  causes 
  their 
  death. 
  Arsenical 
  poisons 
  are 
  

   probably 
  effective, 
  but 
  considered 
  too 
  dangerous 
  for 
  use, 
  since 
  the 
  

   poisoned 
  grass 
  is 
  liable 
  to 
  be 
  eaten 
  by 
  animals. 
  Spraying 
  w^ith 
  

   kerosene, 
  w'here 
  used 
  in 
  strong 
  emulsion, 
  has 
  deadly 
  effects, 
  but 
  the 
  

   damage 
  it 
  causes 
  to 
  the 
  rubber 
  fittings 
  of 
  the 
  sprayers 
  has 
  prevented 
  

   its 
  use 
  on 
  a 
  large 
  scale. 
  The 
  only 
  practical 
  method 
  in 
  such 
  a 
  country 
  

   consists 
  in 
  driving 
  the 
  young 
  hoppers 
  into 
  V 
  or 
  W-shaped 
  enclosures, 
  

   which 
  end 
  in 
  special 
  traps 
  constructed 
  for 
  the 
  purpose, 
  and 
  which 
  can 
  

   be 
  erected 
  in 
  three 
  minutes 
  by 
  three 
  coolies. 
  The 
  traps 
  consist 
  of 
  

   strong 
  canvas 
  bags, 
  the 
  entrance 
  to 
  w^hich 
  is 
  tw^o 
  feet 
  high, 
  and 
  is 
  

   approached 
  by 
  an 
  inclined 
  plane 
  4 
  feet 
  each 
  way, 
  which 
  is 
  also 
  the 
  

   width 
  of 
  the 
  bag. 
  The 
  remaining 
  tw^o 
  sides 
  and 
  back 
  of 
  the 
  bag 
  are 
  

   4 
  ft. 
  6 
  in. 
  high, 
  and 
  the 
  two 
  sides 
  are 
  prolonged 
  into 
  two 
  wings 
  4 
  ft. 
  in 
  

   length, 
  and 
  attached 
  at 
  the 
  bottom 
  to 
  the 
  sides 
  of 
  the 
  inclined 
  plane. 
  

   The 
  whole 
  is 
  supported 
  by 
  iron 
  stakes, 
  furnished 
  at 
  the 
  top 
  with 
  hooks 
  

   from 
  which 
  the 
  bag 
  is 
  suspended 
  by 
  steel 
  rings, 
  sew^n 
  on 
  to 
  the 
  material 
  

   at 
  the 
  corners. 
  The 
  same 
  means 
  is 
  also 
  used 
  to 
  support 
  and 
  stretch 
  

   the 
  wrings. 
  The 
  shape 
  of 
  the 
  bag 
  is 
  preserved 
  by 
  four 
  bamboo 
  poles 
  

   run 
  through 
  folds 
  tw^o 
  feet 
  from 
  the 
  ground. 
  These 
  bamboos 
  are 
  held 
  

   in 
  place 
  by 
  iron 
  stakes 
  with 
  rings 
  at 
  the 
  top. 
  Against 
  the 
  front 
  

   bamboo 
  the 
  inclined 
  plane 
  is 
  stretched, 
  being 
  held 
  in 
  position 
  by 
  a 
  

   bamboo, 
  run 
  through 
  a 
  fold 
  at 
  the 
  bottom 
  and 
  fixed 
  to 
  the 
  ground 
  by 
  

   short 
  iron 
  or 
  other 
  stakes. 
  To 
  prevent 
  the 
  escape 
  of 
  hoppers 
  below 
  

   the 
  wrings 
  and 
  inchned 
  plane, 
  a 
  little 
  earth 
  is 
  thrown 
  on 
  the 
  wrings 
  

   and 
  in 
  front 
  of 
  the 
  inclined 
  plane. 
  

  

  The 
  escape 
  of 
  the 
  hoppers 
  from 
  the 
  bag 
  is 
  prevented 
  by 
  strips 
  of 
  

   American 
  cloth 
  from 
  6 
  ins. 
  to 
  12 
  ins. 
  wide, 
  which 
  are 
  sewn 
  on 
  the 
  inside 
  

   from 
  the 
  height 
  of 
  the 
  opening 
  downwards. 
  The 
  sides 
  of 
  the 
  enclosure 
  

   consist 
  of 
  strips 
  of 
  strong 
  calico 
  4 
  feet 
  6 
  inches 
  wide 
  and 
  15 
  yards 
  in 
  

   length. 
  This 
  material 
  is 
  very 
  portable. 
  On 
  the 
  inside 
  two 
  parallel 
  

   strips 
  of 
  American 
  cloth 
  6 
  inches 
  wide 
  are 
  sewn 
  at 
  the 
  height 
  of 
  3 
  feet 
  

   and 
  4 
  feet 
  from 
  the 
  bottom. 
  At 
  the 
  top 
  is 
  attached 
  a 
  rope 
  strongly 
  

   sewn 
  on 
  with 
  twine, 
  leaving 
  apertures 
  every 
  inch. 
  The 
  sheeting 
  is 
  

  

  