﻿118 
  

  

  eradicated. 
  Various 
  spraying 
  methods 
  have 
  given 
  good 
  results. 
  

   Mr. 
  G. 
  Seymour 
  and 
  the 
  author 
  used 
  tobacco 
  wash 
  with 
  a 
  Strawsonizer 
  

   spraying 
  outfit 
  ; 
  the 
  formula 
  for 
  the 
  tobacco 
  wash 
  is 
  as 
  follows 
  : 
  

   Steep 
  1 
  lb. 
  of 
  tobacco 
  in 
  1 
  gal. 
  hot 
  water, 
  and 
  soak 
  for 
  24 
  hours 
  ; 
  boil 
  

   1 
  lb. 
  soap 
  in 
  1 
  gal. 
  water 
  ; 
  strain 
  the 
  tobacco 
  water 
  into 
  the 
  soap 
  

   water 
  ; 
  stir, 
  and 
  make 
  up 
  to 
  5 
  or 
  6 
  gals. 
  Benzol 
  emulsion, 
  costing 
  

   about 
  4d. 
  per 
  lb., 
  has 
  proved 
  effective 
  ; 
  1 
  lb. 
  makes 
  5 
  or 
  6 
  gals, 
  of 
  

   spray. 
  Hellebore 
  or 
  a 
  weak 
  kerosene 
  emulsion 
  has 
  also 
  given 
  good 
  

   results. 
  In 
  America 
  the 
  use 
  of 
  lime 
  in 
  the 
  following 
  proportions 
  has 
  

   been 
  recommended 
  : 
  35 
  lb. 
  lime 
  to 
  100 
  gals, 
  water. 
  Mr. 
  Moulton, 
  

   who 
  has 
  experimented 
  with 
  thrips 
  in 
  America, 
  advocates 
  the 
  use 
  of 
  

   oil 
  and 
  water 
  in 
  making 
  up 
  the 
  tobacco 
  spraying 
  fluid, 
  and 
  gives 
  the 
  

   following 
  formula 
  : 
  — 
  ^Distillate 
  oil 
  emulsion, 
  IJ 
  to 
  2 
  per 
  cent, 
  solution 
  ; 
  

   black 
  leaf 
  tobacco 
  extract, 
  1 
  part 
  to 
  60 
  parts 
  of 
  water. 
  The 
  distillate 
  

   oil 
  emulsion 
  is 
  prepared 
  as 
  follows 
  : 
  — 
  Hot 
  water, 
  12 
  gals. 
  ; 
  white 
  oil 
  or 
  

   fish 
  oil 
  soap, 
  30 
  lb. 
  ; 
  distillate 
  oil 
  (23 
  degrees, 
  Baume), 
  20 
  gals. 
  The 
  

   soap 
  is 
  dissolved 
  in 
  a 
  kettleful 
  of 
  boiling 
  water 
  and 
  poured 
  into 
  the 
  

   spray 
  tank 
  ; 
  the 
  oil 
  is 
  added 
  and 
  the 
  mixture 
  agitated 
  violently, 
  and 
  

   sprayed 
  under 
  a 
  pressure 
  of 
  125-150 
  lb. 
  into 
  other 
  barrels. 
  This 
  stock 
  

   solution 
  is 
  diluted 
  before 
  use 
  with 
  24 
  gals, 
  of 
  water 
  to 
  each 
  gallon 
  of 
  

   solution. 
  As 
  a 
  deterrent 
  against 
  thrips 
  coal-tar 
  water 
  has 
  been 
  

   recommended. 
  Boil 
  1 
  lb. 
  coal-tar 
  in 
  2 
  gals, 
  water, 
  and 
  while 
  hot, 
  

   add 
  from 
  50 
  to 
  100 
  gals, 
  more 
  water. 
  

  

  Cutworms 
  and 
  looper 
  caterpillars, 
  army 
  worms, 
  etc., 
  have 
  been 
  

   destructive 
  to 
  potato 
  crops. 
  Especially 
  mentioned 
  are 
  the 
  Silvery 
  

   Moth 
  {Plusia 
  argentifera), 
  the 
  Potato 
  Looper 
  Moth 
  (P. 
  verticillata), 
  

   Chloridea 
  obsoleta 
  and 
  Leucania 
  sp. 
  By 
  the 
  eradication 
  of 
  weeds 
  and 
  

   the 
  burning 
  of 
  haulms 
  and 
  stems 
  of 
  harvested 
  crops, 
  many 
  eggs 
  are 
  

   destroyed. 
  Placing 
  bundles 
  of 
  succulent 
  plants, 
  which 
  have 
  previously 
  

   been 
  dipped 
  into 
  a 
  mixture 
  of 
  Paris 
  green 
  (1 
  oz. 
  to 
  39 
  gals, 
  of 
  water) 
  

   between 
  the 
  rows 
  of 
  potato 
  plants 
  will 
  kill 
  a 
  large 
  number 
  of 
  the 
  cater- 
  

   pillars, 
  and 
  is 
  harmless 
  to 
  the 
  potatoes. 
  Poisoned 
  bran 
  has 
  been 
  

   successfully 
  tried, 
  especially 
  against 
  the 
  Silvery 
  Moth. 
  The 
  author 
  

   recommends 
  the 
  poisoning 
  of 
  lucerne 
  or 
  other 
  green 
  stuff, 
  to 
  be 
  

   distributed 
  as 
  a 
  bait. 
  One 
  lb. 
  of 
  arsenate 
  of 
  soda 
  is 
  dissolved 
  in 
  10 
  gals, 
  

   of 
  water, 
  to 
  which 
  8 
  lb. 
  of 
  treacle 
  or 
  brown 
  sugar 
  is 
  added 
  ; 
  the 
  green 
  

   stuff 
  is 
  moistened 
  with 
  the 
  liquid 
  and 
  scattered 
  broadcast, 
  preferably 
  a 
  

   few 
  days 
  after 
  the 
  ground 
  has 
  been 
  ploughed. 
  Where 
  a 
  spray 
  is 
  used 
  

   instead 
  of 
  bait, 
  arsenate 
  of 
  lead 
  has 
  proved 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  best. 
  The 
  

   trench 
  system 
  is 
  a 
  simple 
  and 
  effective 
  method 
  of 
  eradication 
  ; 
  a 
  

   trench 
  is 
  dug 
  around 
  the 
  crop, 
  it 
  must 
  have 
  clean 
  cut 
  sides, 
  and 
  the 
  

   sides 
  nearest 
  the 
  crop 
  should 
  be 
  undercut 
  to 
  prevent 
  the 
  worms 
  from 
  

   crawling 
  out 
  of 
  the 
  trench. 
  Deep 
  holes 
  should 
  be 
  made 
  in 
  the 
  trench 
  

   at 
  intervals 
  of 
  about 
  five 
  yards. 
  When 
  travelling 
  towards 
  the 
  crop 
  the 
  

   cutworms 
  fall 
  into 
  the 
  trench, 
  and 
  crawling 
  along 
  it 
  fall 
  into 
  the 
  holes, 
  

   where 
  earth 
  should 
  be 
  thrown 
  over 
  them 
  and 
  pressed 
  down. 
  

  

  The 
  Potato 
  Moth 
  {Phthorimaea 
  solanella, 
  Boisd.) 
  is 
  the 
  worst 
  potato 
  

   pest 
  in 
  Australia. 
  The 
  young 
  larvae 
  usually 
  feed 
  upon 
  the 
  eyes 
  of 
  the 
  

   potato 
  ; 
  they 
  then 
  tunnel 
  towards 
  the 
  centre 
  of 
  the 
  tubers, 
  causing 
  

   them 
  to 
  turn 
  brownish-black, 
  and 
  inducing 
  decay. 
  The 
  pupae 
  are 
  

   attacked 
  by 
  various 
  parasites 
  and 
  bacterial 
  diseases, 
  which 
  destroy 
  

   great 
  numbers. 
  All 
  debris 
  in 
  the 
  fields 
  should 
  be 
  burnt. 
  Seed 
  infected 
  

   with 
  the 
  grubs 
  should 
  never 
  be 
  planted, 
  nor 
  should 
  ground 
  where 
  

  

  