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  peaches, 
  and 
  on 
  the 
  young 
  leaves 
  of 
  the 
  sumach 
  {Rhus 
  canadensis. 
  

   Marsh). 
  In 
  its 
  attack 
  on 
  pears, 
  L. 
  invitus 
  shows 
  a 
  preference 
  at 
  first 
  

   for 
  the 
  tender 
  leaves, 
  puncturing 
  those 
  that 
  are 
  unrolled 
  ; 
  the 
  tissues 
  

   about 
  the 
  point 
  of 
  injury 
  turn 
  black. 
  Later 
  the 
  young 
  nymph 
  thrusts 
  

   its 
  proboscis 
  deeply 
  into 
  the 
  substance 
  of 
  the 
  tiny 
  pear 
  and 
  on 
  with- 
  

   drawing 
  it 
  sap 
  flows 
  from 
  the 
  puncture, 
  drying 
  and 
  leaving 
  a 
  blackish 
  

   spot. 
  There 
  may 
  be 
  many 
  wounds, 
  and 
  severely 
  injured 
  fruit, 
  besides 
  

   being 
  badly 
  deformed, 
  may 
  be 
  stunted 
  in 
  its 
  growth. 
  None 
  of 
  the 
  

   leading 
  varieties 
  of 
  pears 
  seem 
  exempt 
  from 
  injury. 
  When 
  attacking 
  

   blossom-clusters 
  the 
  young 
  nymphs 
  pierce 
  the 
  bases 
  of 
  the 
  unopened 
  

   buds 
  and 
  the 
  tender 
  fruit 
  stems. 
  The 
  insect's 
  W'Ork 
  on 
  peaches 
  has 
  

   not 
  been 
  observed 
  under 
  natural 
  conditions, 
  but 
  in 
  confinement 
  

   nymphs 
  of 
  the 
  third 
  and 
  succeeding 
  instars 
  and 
  adults 
  readily 
  attacked 
  

   the 
  fruit. 
  Illustrated 
  descriptions 
  of 
  the 
  life 
  stages 
  are 
  given. 
  The 
  

   nymph 
  passes 
  through 
  five 
  stages, 
  attaining 
  wings 
  at 
  the 
  fifth 
  ecdysis. 
  

   The 
  larvae 
  begin 
  to 
  make 
  their 
  appearance 
  when 
  the 
  trees 
  are 
  coming 
  

   into 
  blossom. 
  The 
  adults 
  feed 
  for 
  a 
  short 
  time 
  after 
  emergence, 
  

   when 
  they 
  disappear. 
  

  

  As 
  a 
  protection 
  to 
  the 
  crops, 
  spraying, 
  just 
  after 
  the 
  blossoming 
  

   period, 
  is 
  recommended. 
  In 
  the 
  Station 
  spraying 
  tests, 
  tobacco 
  

   extract 
  (40 
  per 
  cent, 
  nicotin) 
  " 
  Black 
  Leaf 
  40," 
  f 
  pint 
  of 
  the 
  extract 
  

   to 
  100 
  gals, 
  of 
  water, 
  to 
  which 
  is 
  added 
  3 
  lb. 
  of 
  soap, 
  has 
  given 
  the 
  

   most 
  satisfactory 
  results. 
  The 
  trees 
  should 
  be 
  drenched 
  and 
  both 
  

   surfaces 
  of 
  the 
  leaves 
  wetted. 
  The 
  removal 
  of 
  wild 
  food-plants 
  is 
  a 
  

   valuable 
  precautionary 
  measure, 
  the 
  insects 
  being 
  found 
  in 
  largest 
  

   numbers 
  on 
  wild 
  grapes 
  and 
  to 
  a 
  much 
  less 
  extent 
  on 
  sumach, 
  both 
  

   common 
  and 
  widely 
  distributed 
  weeds. 
  

  

  Associated 
  with 
  L. 
  invitus 
  have 
  been 
  found 
  Lygidea 
  mendax, 
  Reut., 
  

   abundant 
  on 
  pears, 
  plums 
  and 
  apples 
  ; 
  Caonpylomma 
  verbasci, 
  Meyer, 
  

   attacking 
  pear 
  foliage 
  and 
  fruit 
  in 
  a 
  manner 
  quite 
  similar 
  to 
  that 
  of 
  

   L. 
  invitus 
  ; 
  Paracalocoris 
  colon, 
  Say, 
  found 
  on 
  Bartlett 
  pears 
  ; 
  and 
  

   P. 
  scrupeus, 
  Say, 
  commonly 
  associated 
  with 
  L. 
  invitus 
  on 
  wild 
  grape, 
  

   feeding 
  on 
  the 
  tender 
  leaves 
  and 
  blossom-clusters. 
  

  

  J. 
  W. 
  Polychrosis 
  botrana 
  Oder 
  der 
  bekreuzte 
  Traubenwickler 
  in 
  unseren 
  

   Weinbergen. 
  [The 
  Crossed 
  Vine-moth 
  in 
  our 
  Vineyards.] 
  — 
  Luxem- 
  

   burger 
  Weintzg., 
  Grevenmacher, 
  i, 
  no. 
  31, 
  1st 
  Dec. 
  1913, 
  pp. 
  529-531. 
  

  

  Four 
  Polychrosis 
  botrana 
  moths 
  were 
  found 
  among 
  the 
  thousands 
  of 
  

   Clysia 
  ambiguella 
  captured 
  in 
  the 
  100 
  vine-moth 
  traps 
  set 
  in 
  1911. 
  

   In 
  view 
  of 
  this 
  very 
  small 
  percentage 
  no 
  action 
  was 
  taken 
  at 
  the 
  time, 
  

   but 
  in 
  the 
  meanwhile 
  P. 
  botrana 
  has 
  increased. 
  Among 
  200 
  moths 
  

   caught 
  in 
  10 
  traps 
  on 
  the 
  25th 
  July 
  1913, 
  ten 
  were 
  P. 
  botrana. 
  No 
  

   further 
  specimens 
  were 
  found 
  in 
  ten 
  other 
  traps 
  set 
  higher 
  up 
  in 
  the 
  

   same 
  vineyard. 
  Vine-growers 
  must 
  adopt 
  immediate 
  measures 
  to 
  

   combat 
  this 
  new 
  pest, 
  for 
  even 
  if 
  some 
  observers 
  (Capus, 
  Feytaud, 
  

   Dufour) 
  are 
  right 
  in 
  stating 
  that 
  where 
  P. 
  botrana 
  increases 
  the 
  other 
  

   species 
  decreases 
  to 
  almost 
  vanishing 
  point, 
  this 
  only 
  means 
  exchanging 
  

   a 
  bad 
  enemy 
  for 
  a 
  worse. 
  

  

  SouLE 
  (A. 
  M. 
  G.). 
  Parasite 
  Introduction 
  to 
  Maine. 
  — 
  Qtrly. 
  Bull. 
  Maine 
  

   Dept. 
  Agric, 
  Augusta, 
  xii, 
  no. 
  4, 
  Dec. 
  1913, 
  pp. 
  10-18, 
  6 
  pis. 
  

  

  The 
  first 
  importations 
  into 
  Maine 
  of 
  insect 
  parasites 
  of 
  the 
  gipsy 
  and 
  

  

  