﻿14G 
  

  

  Cacao 
  : 
  — 
  Since 
  the 
  last 
  meeting 
  there 
  has 
  not 
  been 
  any 
  increase 
  

   in 
  Thrips 
  and 
  cacao 
  beetles, 
  the 
  former 
  are 
  still 
  in 
  abeyance 
  and 
  the 
  

   latter 
  are 
  being 
  caught 
  in 
  places 
  where 
  the 
  trees 
  are 
  in 
  bad 
  condition, 
  

   either 
  owing 
  to 
  soil 
  or 
  exposure 
  to 
  wind 
  and 
  sun. 
  The 
  author 
  reports 
  

   that 
  more 
  interest 
  is 
  taken 
  in 
  the 
  control 
  of 
  cacao 
  beetles 
  in 
  the 
  

   southern 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  Island 
  and 
  small 
  quantities 
  of 
  arsenate 
  of 
  lead 
  

   are 
  being 
  issued 
  to 
  peasant 
  proprietors. 
  

  

  Kranzlin 
  ( 
  — 
  ). 
  Die 
  Wollausplage 
  in 
  Daressalaam. 
  [The 
  Mealy 
  Bug 
  

   plague 
  in 
  Dar-es-Salaam.] 
  — 
  Der 
  Pflanzer, 
  Dar-es-Salaam, 
  Oct. 
  

   1913, 
  ix, 
  no. 
  10, 
  pp. 
  493-507, 
  6 
  pis. 
  

  

  In 
  November 
  1911, 
  the 
  park 
  authorities 
  in 
  Dar-es-Salaam 
  reported 
  

   that 
  a 
  Pongamia 
  glabra 
  tree 
  was 
  apparently 
  the 
  victim 
  of 
  a 
  pest, 
  and 
  

   inspection 
  showed 
  that 
  all 
  the 
  lebbek 
  trees 
  {Alhizzia 
  lebbek) 
  were 
  

   attacked. 
  The 
  author 
  states 
  that 
  the 
  insect 
  is 
  native 
  to 
  East 
  

   Africa, 
  where 
  its 
  occurrence 
  has 
  been 
  reported 
  before 
  in 
  various 
  places, 
  

   but 
  it 
  is 
  not 
  peculiar 
  to 
  the 
  region, 
  for 
  Newstead 
  and 
  AVillcocks 
  have 
  

   published 
  an 
  account 
  of 
  its 
  appearance 
  in 
  Cairo 
  in 
  1909 
  (Bull. 
  Entom. 
  

   Research, 
  i, 
  pp. 
  121-141). 
  Its 
  name 
  is 
  Pseudococcus 
  filarnenfosus, 
  Ckll., 
  

   {Dactylopiiis 
  perniciosus, 
  Newst. 
  and 
  Willcocks). 
  It 
  is 
  not 
  supposed 
  

   that 
  ants 
  act 
  as 
  carriers 
  of 
  the 
  bug, 
  although 
  they 
  feed 
  on 
  its 
  sugary 
  

   excreta, 
  but 
  birds 
  are 
  believed 
  to 
  be 
  agents 
  in 
  its 
  sudden 
  appearance 
  

   in 
  localities 
  far 
  distant 
  from 
  infested 
  areas. 
  Besides 
  Alhizzia 
  lebbek, 
  

   which 
  suffers 
  most 
  severely, 
  Pongamia 
  glabra, 
  Pithecolobiimi 
  saman, 
  

   the 
  silk-cotton 
  tree 
  {Eriodendron 
  anfractuosum) 
  and 
  citrus 
  trees 
  are 
  

   complete 
  hosts 
  ; 
  but 
  the 
  bug 
  also 
  thrives 
  on 
  the 
  following, 
  though 
  not 
  

   to 
  so 
  marked 
  a 
  degree 
  : 
  — 
  Sapindus 
  saponaria, 
  Chrysophyllum 
  cainito, 
  

   Landolphia 
  si^., 
  Tectona 
  grandis, 
  si^ecies 
  oiFicus, 
  species 
  of 
  Bambusa, 
  

   Khaya 
  senegalensis, 
  Sterculia 
  alata, 
  cotton 
  (but 
  Hibiscus 
  remains 
  

   untouched), 
  Melia 
  azedarach, 
  Palms 
  (only 
  on 
  the 
  head 
  when 
  flowering), 
  

   grasses. 
  Agave 
  americana 
  var. 
  sisalana, 
  A. 
  rigida, 
  Enceplialartus, 
  Arum, 
  

   Adansonia 
  digitata, 
  Albizzia 
  odoratissima, 
  A. 
  procera, 
  A. 
  stipidata, 
  

   Acacia 
  catechuoides, 
  Forsteronia 
  floribunda, 
  Swietenia 
  inahagoni, 
  

   Calophyllum 
  inophyllum, 
  Vitex 
  cuneata, 
  and 
  Sorindeya. 
  The 
  author 
  

   points 
  out 
  that 
  Sapindus 
  saponaria 
  may 
  perhaps 
  be 
  placed 
  among 
  

   the 
  complete 
  hosts. 
  The 
  others 
  only 
  appear 
  to 
  harbour 
  the 
  mealy 
  bug 
  

   when 
  they 
  are 
  close 
  to 
  a 
  centre 
  of 
  infection. 
  But 
  attention 
  is 
  drawn 
  

   to 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  the 
  insect 
  seems 
  capable 
  of 
  adapting 
  itself 
  to 
  plants 
  

   which 
  at 
  first 
  did 
  not 
  appear 
  suitable. 
  An 
  example 
  of 
  this 
  is 
  provided 
  

   by 
  the 
  mango 
  trees 
  (Mangifera 
  indica) 
  in 
  the 
  suburbs 
  of 
  Dar-es- 
  

   Salaam, 
  which 
  seemed 
  immune 
  for 
  a 
  long 
  time, 
  but 
  gradually 
  became 
  

   badly 
  infected. 
  Trees 
  and 
  plants 
  which 
  apparently 
  enjoy 
  immunity 
  

   are 
  : 
  Terminalia, 
  Ponciana, 
  Caesalpinia 
  pulcherrima, 
  Tamarinds, 
  

   Casuarinas, 
  all 
  varieties 
  of 
  Eucalyptus, 
  Pand^nus, 
  Plumiera, 
  Pelto- 
  

   pJiorum, 
  Santalum, 
  Bauliinia, 
  Bougainvillea, 
  Pithecolobium 
  didce, 
  

   Syzygium 
  guineense, 
  Alamanda, 
  Theretia 
  neriifolia, 
  Barringtonia 
  

   racemosa, 
  Anacardium 
  occidentale, 
  Adenantliera 
  and 
  many 
  varieties 
  of 
  

   Sterculia. 
  

  

  The 
  ravages 
  were 
  so 
  sudden 
  and 
  so 
  destructive 
  that 
  immediate 
  

   and 
  drastic 
  measures 
  were 
  necessary 
  to 
  stamp 
  it 
  out. 
  The 
  enormous 
  

   cost 
  of 
  spraying 
  big 
  trees 
  infested 
  by 
  so 
  minute 
  an 
  insect 
  could 
  not 
  be 
  

   faced. 
  It 
  was 
  therefore 
  decided 
  to 
  lop 
  away 
  all 
  foliage 
  and 
  twigs 
  and 
  

   scrub 
  the 
  bare 
  stumps 
  with 
  a 
  spray-so'ution 
  made 
  up 
  as 
  follows 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  